The chapter provides an introduction to the current challenges facing many research-intensive universities throughout the world. It is argued that issues related to teaching and learning are becoming more important as a way to improve competitiveness and institutional profiling in a more globalized higher education sector. However, fostering change in research-intensive universities is often dependent on careful design addressing the normative, practical and organizational factors that may prevent institutional transformation. In the conclusion, it is underlined that initiatives that aim at cultural transformation may be a fruitful way forward for institutions trying to enhance their teaching and learning in a more systematic way.
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