This chapter considers the pedagogies associated with different types of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). It argues that the current discourse around the concept of xMOOCs (primarily based around interaction with content and essentially adopting a behaviourist learning approach), and cMOOCs (which focus on harnessing the power of social media and interaction with peers, adopting a connectivist learning approach), is an inadequate way of describing the variety of MOOCs and the ways in which learners engage with them. It will provide a brief history of the emergence of MOOCs and the key stakeholders. It will introduce an alternative means of categorising MOOCs, based on their key characteristics. It will then describe the 7Cs of Learning Design framework, which can be used to design more pedagogically informed MOOCs, which enhances the learner experience and ensure quality assurance. Key wordsMassive Open Online Courses, MOOCs, Pedagogies, xMOOCs, cMOOCs, Learning Design, 7Cs. ResumenEste trabajo estudia las pedagogías asociadas con los diferentes tipos de Cursos Online Masivos y Abiertos (MOOCs por sus siglas en inglés: Massive Open Online Courses). Se argumenta que el discurso actual sobre el concepto de xMOOCs (basado principalmente en torno a la interacción con el contenido y la adopción esencialmente de un enfoque de aprendizaje conductista) y cMOOCs (que se centran en aprovechar el poder de los medios sociales y la interacción con los compañeros, con la adopción de un enfoque de aprendizaje conectivista), es una forma inadecuada de describir los tipos de MOOCs y las modalidades en las que los estudiantes se involucran con ellos. Se proporcionará una breve historia de la aparición de los MOOCs y la descripción de los actores principales. Se introducirá una forma alternativa de categorizar los MOOCs, en función de sus características clave. Luego, se describirá el modelo de las 7Cs para el diseño de aprendizaje, que puede ser utilizado para diseñar MOOCs con criterios más pedagógicos, lo que mejorará la experiencia del estudiante y asegurará la garantía de calidad.

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The increasing use of information and communication technology (ICT) in higher education has been explored largely in relation to student experience of coursework and university life. Students' lives and experience beyond the university have been largely unexplored. Research into student experience of ICT used a validated modelThe Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) -to explore the influence of work and social/leisure contexts as well as course study, on attitudes towards and take up of technology. The results suggest that usefulness and ease of use are key dimensions of students' attitudes towards technology in all three contexts but that ICT is perceived most positively in the context of work and technology use at work is an important driver for technology use in other areas. 3Introduction Educational leaders and governments have for more than a decade promoted the desirability of increased use of ICT in students' experience of study at university. This was one of the emphases in the 1997 Dearing Report in the UK, which recommended that 'all higher education institutions in the UK should have in place overarching communications and information strategies by 1999/2000 ' (Dearing, 1997.With the growth of the Web since then, and particularly the development of highly efficient search engines and social networking tools, entrants to university have increased their personal use of ICT, year on year (Caruso & Kvavik, 2005, Kennedy, Judd, Churchward, Gray and Krause, 2009). The impact of ICT on study and learning practices has generated research seeking to identify both the extent of ICT usage and the effects this is having on student experience at university more broadly (Conole, De Laat, Dillon and Darby, 2006).

A number of pedagogies and approaches are often quoted in the e-learning literature -constructivism, communities of practice, collaboration -but we suggest that much of what is described could more easily be explained in terms of didactic and behaviourist approaches to learning. In this paper we propose a model that supports the development of pedagogically driven approaches to e-learning. The paper begins by explaining how models can be used to represent theoretical approaches and to support practitioners' engagement with these. After outlining the method through which this can be achieved, a model of pedagogies is developed. This process begins with a review of learning theories, from which key components of learning are distilled. This abstraction is used as an analytical tool, allowing components of learning scenarios to be described and related to appropriate theoretical approaches through the use of specific tools and resources. Our assertion is that a better articulation and mapping of different pedagogical processes, tools and techniques will provide a pedagogic approach that is more reflexive and consistent with practitioners' theoretical perspective on learning and teaching.

The paper examines the notion that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have affordances that epitomize the features of our late modern age (Giddens, 1991) and explores whether these affordances (Salomon, 1993, p. 51) can be used to facilitate particular approaches to educational practice. It argues that a clear articulation of these affordances would enable us to understand how these technologies can be most effectively used to support learning and teaching. We believe that any one affordance can be considered to have both positive and negative connotations and the paper draws on social and educational theory to provide an initial taxonomy of these affordances.