ConservaciónRecuperación de la diversidad florística en plantaciones de cítricos abandonadas en el sur de Veracruz, México:implicaciones para la conservación Recovery of floristic diversity in abandoned citrus plantations in southern Veracruz, ResumenLa región de Uxpanapa, en el sur de Veracruz, es uno de los principales centros de diversidad vegetal de México y en donde las actividades humanas han ocasionado la desaparición de cerca del 80% de la vegetación original. Actualmente, las plantaciones de cítricos son un componente evidente del paisaje de la zona. Sin embargo, debido a su baja rentabilidad, muchas plantaciones han sido abandonadas, convirtiéndose en áreas de vegetación secundaria. Para analizar la dinámica de regeneración en estos sistemas, se caracterizó la composición, diversidad y recambio de especies vegetales en una cronosecuencia de naranjales abandonados. Se consideraron además las estrategias de establecimiento, formas de vida y estrategias de dispersión de las especies vegetales. Se muestrearon 0.1 ha en cada una de 6 plantaciones con diferentes tiempos de abandono (3, 8, 17, 26, 36 y 48 meses). En cada transecto se distinguieron 2 grupos de plantas: adultas y brinzales. En total se registraron 191 especies (57 familias y 122 géneros). La riqueza florística se incrementó con el tiempo de abandono. Los árboles con dispersión zoocora dominaron en todas las parcelas. Las características de los naranjales abandonados son atractivas para dispersores vertebrados y su cercanía a fuentes de propágulos favorece un proceso de regeneración acelerado. AbstractThe Uxpanapa region at south of Veracruz, is one of the centers of plant diversity in Mexico, where the transformation by human activities have caused the disappearance of about 80% of the original vegetation. Currently, citrus plantations are a common component of the landscape, however, due to low profitability, many plantations have been abandoned, turning into areas of secondary vegetation. The composition, diversity and turnover of plant species in a chronosequence of abandoned orange groves was characterized, also considering establishment strategies, life forms and species dispersal strategies. We sampled 0.1 ha in 6 plantations with different time of abandonment (3, 8, 17, 26, 36 and 48 months), for a total of 0.6 ha sampled. In each transect, 2 contingents were considered: adult and regenerating plants. A total of 191 species were recorded (57 families and 122 genera). The floristic diversity increased as the time of abandonment increased. Plants with zoocoric dispersion and trees dominated in all stages of abandonment. The characteristics of the abandoned citrus plantations are attractive for vertebrate dispersers and their proximity to sources of propagules allow an accelerated regeneration process.
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