Many factors contributed to the success of this effort, including advocacy efforts, state policy change, improved patient-staff ratios, response teams, and second-generation antipsychotics.

A significant enhancement in power efficiency for alternating current-driven field-induced polymer electroluminescent devices is demonstrated by employing a high-k ferroelectric polymer dielectric through impedance matching of the device with the driving source. A peak power efficiency of 34.1 lm W(-1) at a frequency of 65 kHz is achieved, which is 2 to 12 times higher than the previous highest reports.

Organic thin‐film electroluminescent (EL) devices, such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), typically operate using constant voltage or direct current (DC) power sources. Such approaches require power converters (introducing power losses) and make devices sensitive to dimensional variations that lead to run away currents at imperfections. Devices driven by time‐dependent voltages or alternating current (AC) may offer an alternative to standard OLED technologies. However, very little is known about how this might translate into overall performance of such devices. Here, a solution‐processed route to creating highly efficient AC field‐induced polymer EL (FIPEL) devices is demonstrated. Such solution‐processed FIPEL devices show maximum luminance, current efficiency, and power efficiency of 3000 cd m−2, 15.8 cd A−1, and 3.1 lm W−1 for blue emission, 13 800 cd m−2, 76.4 cd A−1, and 17.1 lm W−1 for green emission, and 1600 cd m−2, 8.8 cd A−1, and 1.8 lm W−1 for orange‐red emission. The high luminance and efficiency, and solution process pave the way to industrial roll‐to‐roll manufacturing of solid state lighting and display.

The effect of solution‐processed p‐type doping of hole‐generation layers (HGLs) and electron‐transporting layer (ETLs) are systematically investigated on the performance of solution‐processable alternating current (AC) field‐induced polymer EL (FIPEL) devices in terms of hole‐generation capability of HGLs and electron‐transporting characteristics of ETLs. A variety of p‐type doping conjugated polymers and a series of solution‐processed electron‐transporting small molecules are employed. It is found that the free hole density in p‐type doping HGLs and electron mobility of solution‐processed ETLs are directly related to the device performance, and that the hole‐transporting characteristics of ETLs also play an important role since holes need to be injected from electrode through ETLs to refill the depleted HGLs in the positive half of the AC cycle. As a result, the best FIPEL device exhibits exceptional performance: a low turn‐on voltage of 12 V, a maximum luminance of 20 500 cd m−2, a maximum current and power efficiency of 110.7 cd A−1 and 29.3 lm W−1. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the highest report to date among FIPEL devices driven by AC voltage.

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