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Pengaruh perbedaan jumlah penambahan binder uretan dan berbagai motif embossing terhadap kualitas kulit reject The influence of differences in addition amount of urethane binder and various embossing motives to the quality of rejected leather

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INTISARIPermintaan kulit yang bermutu semakin meningkat tetapi ketersediaannya semakin menurun. Teknologi pasca penyamakan (finishing) merupakan hal yang dapat dilakukan untuk menutupi kerusakan kulit. Salah satu bahan finishing kulit yang dapat digunakan untuk menutupi cacat kulit adalah pigmen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan jumlah pigmen pada lapisan dasar terhadap sifat fisik kulit tersamak. Kulit sapi yang sudah disamak ulang diberi perlakuan finishing dengan variasi pigmen 7,5; 10; 12,5; 15; dan 17,5% pada lapisan dasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pigmen berpengaruh pada penyerapan air selama dua jam dan ketebalan lapisan finishing. ABSTRACT The demand of high quality leather is increasing, but it's availability gradually decrease. Finishing of the tanning process is technology to upgrade the quality of leather. Pigment is one of the materials forfinishing leather that can correcting grain. The aim of this research was to determine the best variation of pigment addition as base coat on physical properties of leather. Retanned cow hide was treated using finishing agent for 7,5; 10; 12.5; 15; and 17.5%

Vegetable-tanned leather has several disadvantages, which one of them is low thermal stability due to insufficient cross-linking with the collagen. The addition of aluminum sulfate in the vegetable tanning process will strengthen the cross-linking between the polyphenol and collagen, as well as forms the matrix in collagen. Thus, it will improve the thermal stability. The research aimed to figure out the addition of mimosa and aluminum sulfate on the shrinkage temperature, chemical properties, and morphology of leather. The research was conducted by using a variation of mimosa concentration (15%, 20%, 25% w/w) and aluminium sulfate concentration (3%, 6%, 9% w/w). The results showed that the treatment influenced the chemical properties and shrinkage temperature. The optimum treatment was the addition of 9% (w/w) aluminium sulfate to 25% mimosa which resulted to shrinkage temperature of 99,33° (rise 18,34%); nitrogen content (8,00 ± 0,0141)%; raw skins substance content (44,46 ± 0,0778)%; tannin bound content (28,29 ± 0,0424)% and the degree of tannage (62,93 ± 0,0141)%. Based on the SEM image, the addition of aluminum sulfate after mimosa has made the collagen fiber structure to be dense, which indicates the improvement of the cross-linking between the polyphenol and collagen.