There are objectively contradictions between the countries in the field of use and protection of the water resources of river basins belonging to their territory in the basins of Transboundary Rivers. This creates problems in interstate relations, not contributing to economically efficient and environmentally sustainable water consumption. This situation requires the search for objective criteria for assessing the situation and methods for reaching a compromise solution arranging the stakeholders. Lots depend on the economic level development of the contracting parties and diplomacy. Sometimes one state can yield some of its rights to water resources in exchange for any other economic or political benefits. For the implementation of agreements the Member States create joint commissions for the management of transboundary water bodies. Their decisions have legal force and are binding for the participants, but the agreements usually do not describe the mechanisms of impact in the event of their non-fulfillment. This is due to a considerable extent to the lack of established rules for the use of transboundary water bodies, as well as the inevitable measures of liability for their violation. It is considered that participation in international agreements on the use of transboundary water bodies is a good will of the countries.Conflict situations, related to water consumption, are dominant on the prevalence. One of the reasons for their occurrence is the unequal position of countries in relation to the areas of water formation and decrement. As a rule, the development of coordinated strategies for the use of the resources of transboundary water bodies and the resolution of their conflict situations are achieved through lengthy negotiations and consultations with experts. At the same time each party advocates first of all the interests, using all possible methods including any pressure for justification of the position. In cases where the understanding of the community of interests comes to the forefront, significant results can be achieved.For the purpose of settlement of the water relations on the cross-border rivers on October 19, 1992 in Kiev the Agreement between the Governments of Russia and Ukraine on sharing and protection of cross-border water objects which determined the basic principles of sharing of waters, coherences of water management actions implementation, the organizations of observations of a condition of a surface water was signed. The representative of Ukraine cabinet council for implementation of the agreement is the chairman of the Ukraine State water agency, the Representative of the Government of the Russian Federationthe head of Federal Agency for Water Resources of the Russian Federation; Deputy Representatives for implementation of the agreement in the basin of the river the Seversky Donets: From the Ukrainian side is the head of the Seversky-Donetsk basin water resources management, with the Russian side is the head of the Don basin water management. Regulatory documents have been developed...

In the face of climate change, regulation of water use is essential. On the example of the Rostov region, the necessity of introducing paid water for agricultural lands was considered. Rostov region is one of the largest producers of agricultural products, including wheat and sunflower. At the same time, this territory belongs to arid territories and needs irrigation of agricultural land. The Lower Don basin on the territory of the Rostov region includes the territory from the Tsimlyansk reservoir to the river mouth. The quality of water resources and river runoff of large waterways in the Don region is largely determined by small rivers, whose environmental problems are also associated with a high anthropogenic load, indicating intense economic activity. The article discusses the possibilities of using the system of payment for water use for agriculture. It is shown that the introduction of a system of tariffs for irrigation water, as well as the modernization of existing legal norms, will reduce the anthropogenic load on the ecosystem. The systemic regulation of water use should ultimately lead to the modernization of the system of irrigation canals and the cleaning of small rivers in the region.

Graphene oxide was synthesized by the modified Hammers method. With managed hydrolysis in isopropanol solution obtained hybrid material “graphene oxide - copper oxide nanoparticles”. The phase composition of the hybrid material was studied by X-ray phase analysis and UV-visible spectroscopy. By ultrasonic processing dispersions of synthesized materials in glycerol were produced. The concentration of lubricating additives in the lube oil was 0.05 wt. %. The tribological properties of dispersions were investigated using a pin-on-disc friction machine. Tests showed that in the presence of graphene oxide, the friction coefficient was ~0.02, while with the addition of a hybrid material, the coefficient of friction was ~0.035. This is due to various mechanisms of lubrication. Reduction of the coefficient of friction in the presence of graphene oxide is associated with the formation of tribocarbon on the porosity of frictional contacts. While the addition of a hybrid material containing the CuO nanoparticles leads to the formation of a third body.