The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of aquaculture development in Russia (using the example of the Central Federal District). Priorities for the development of aquaculture were identified, as well as the main directions for solving the problems posed. These include the development of aquaculture through the introduction of new technologies for growing commercial fish, the most advanced forms of organizing production, the development of domestic fodder production, trout farming and sturgeon farming. The article predicts the development of commercial fish farming in the Central Federal District for 2024, taking into account the proposed changes in the technology of fish farming and the organization of production, based on further cooperation and integration. The accelerated development of aquaculture will ensure the production of high-quality and high-value fish species and create a stable basis for the formation of food security in the country.

Development of aquaculture represents the major socioeconomic factor which defines not only development of the fishery industry, but also the respective federal districts, including the Southern Federal District. The developed analysis of the current state of development of aquaculture in the Southern Federal District of Russia is provided. Problems of development of aquaculture in the Southern Federal District of Russia are revealed. It is necessary to optimize technology processes in aquaculture. Optimization of technology processes will allow to achieve worthy results in this type of activity for our country. The strategy of scientific and technical development of the Russian Federation defined the directions allowing to receive scientific and technical results and to create technologies – basis of the innovative development of domestic market of products and services, and steady position of our country in foreign market. These directions will allow to provide transition to highly productive and environmentally friendly agro-and to aquaculture, production of safe and qualitative food stuffs. The technologies of commercial fish farming used in the Southern Federal District of Russia will make possible in short terms to increase quantity and production of live fish and to reduce its cost value.

Ограниченность запасов природных ресурсов и их значимость для экономического и социального развития диктуют необходимость решения вопросов, связанных с обеспечением устойчивого развития и рационального использования запасов водных биологических ресурсов. Главная задача государства-создание рациональных условий эксплуатации права пользования ресурсами. Ключевые слова: природные ресурсы, эксплуатация природных ресурсов, рациональное использование природных ресурсов.

The purpose of this work is to consider the question of the criteria for the effectiveness of fishing during the year using the example of pollock of the Severo-Okhotomorskaya subzone.Materials and methods: The work analyzed the effectiveness of the fishery based on the data of the fishery and statistical information of the Center for the Fishery Monitoring and Communications System of the Federal Agency for Fishery. The main indicators for the analysis were: pollock production by month, production per vessel-day of fishing, number of vessels per vessel, number of vessels per vessel-day of fishing, share of production beheaded + 25 in total production beheaded. The highly profitable pollock fishery of season “A” is observed in February, March and April, which is confirmed by reliably different indicators of the average production volume and the volume of production per ship-day of fishing during these months relative to season “B” (at p < 0.001).The results of the study: The results of the analysis of the considered indicators may indicate such reasons as the suboptimal amount of the total allowable catch, the development of which requires increased costs and, as a result, reduces the economic efficiency of the fishery, suboptimal schemes for the arrangement of the fleet.Practical significance: The results obtained during the work indicate the need to take into account economic and social criteria when assessing the efficiency of the exploitation of reserves of aquatic biological resources, which are currently not taken into account in fisheries management.

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