Background. urinary incontinence is defined as any involuntary loss of urine. the tVt (tension-free Vaginal tape) operation is a treatment for stress urinary incontinence introduced in poland in the year 2000. there are few studies evaluating the long-term effectiveness of tVt in polish women. Objectives. to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of tVt in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. Material and methods. 40 women operated on in the period 1999-2004 were recalled 12.6 ± 1.2 years after tVt for a follow-up study. 85 vs 15% of women were operated on due to primary vs recurrent stress incontinence, respectively. 20 vs 80% of the patients had mixed vs pure stress urinary incontinence, respectively. the effectiveness of tVt operations was assessed objectively on the basis of a cough test, and subjectively on improvement after treatment according to the patientsʼ answers (yes/no), pgi-i, psQ and Vas ("0" was the total absence of improvement after surgery, "100" -total improvement). Results. the cough test was negative in 85% of cases. subjectively, 85% of women declared improvement after tVt. Based on pgi-i -77.5% of them maintained improvement after surgery. Based on psQ -70% of the women assessed control of urinary incontinence after surgery as better, 72.5% were satisfied with the results of the operation, and 77.5% of them would recommend tVt to other women. Based on Vas, total improvement was noted by 12.5% of women, 60% of women rated improvement "50-99", and total lack of improvement was noted by 20% of the women. Conclusions. tVt seems to be an effective form of treatment for urinary incontinence in women 12 years after surgery. Key words: urinary incontinence, mid-urethral sling, tVt, effectiveness. Broś-Konopielko M, Chmielewski g, Jodzis a, teliga-Czajkowska J, Czajkowski K. long-term effectiveness of tension-free Vaginal tape (tVt) procedure -twelve years after surgery.

Z punktu widzenia Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości pierwszeństwo przed krajowymi porządkami prawnymi (w tym i krajowym prawem konstytucyjnym) ma całe prawo europejskie (wspólnotowe) tzn. nie tylko prawo pierwotne tworzone umowami międzynarodowymi, ale również prawo wtórne. Taka koncepcja odnosi się także do Karty Praw Podstawowych Unii Europejskiej. Podobnie Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka przyznaje pierwszeństwo Europejskiej Konwencji o Ochronie Praw Człowieka i Podstawowych Wolności 3. 3