Background: Paclitaxel treatment is a major cause of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The sodium channel Nav1.7 plays a critical role in pain perception. However, whether Nav1.7 in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is involved in paclitaxelinduced peripheral neuropathy remains unclear. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate whether Nav1.7 participates in the pathogenesis of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Methods: Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy was generated by intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel on four alternate days. Results: The results showed that DRG mRNA and protein expression levels of Nav1.7 were upregulated between days 7 and 21 after administration of paclitaxel. In addition, paclitaxel up-regulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in DRG. Intrathecal injection of U0126 (a MEK inhibitor) blocking ERK1/2 phosphorylation blunted up-regulation of Nav1.7 in the DRG and correspondingly attenuated hyperalgesia. Conclusion: These results indicated that the sodium channel Nav1.7 in the DRG exerted an important function in paclitaxel-induced neuropathy, which was associated with ERK phosphorylation in neurons.

2,2-Dithiobis(pyridine-N-oxide) (1) was prepared by reacting 2-pyridinethiol-N-oxide (2) and hydrogen peroxide-urea adduct (3) at the molar ratio of 1:1.25 and 45oC for 1.75h in high yield and purity of 91.6% and 99.6% respectively. The structures of product were characterized by IR, NMR.

The evaluation of economy benefits of small watershed warping dams system program mainly includes foundation benefit, economic benefit, ecological benefit, social benefit on project construction. The thesis takes this small watershed planning scheme 30- year computation time as object of study ,on its soil conservation benefit, storage benefit, planting benefits and rationalities irrigation benefit, block mud benefit, economic indexes such as flood protection benefits were analyzed and calculated ,for dam system planning scheme of the economic rationality assessment provides evaluation basis. Using natural "catch-basin" concept, the people of loess plateau created warping dam whose role is storing muddy and releasing clearing, intercept sediment and silting farmland, which is a kind of soil and water conservation engineering measures. Since liberation, in the middle Yellow River area has built more than 110,000 warping dams, exceeding 0.3million hm2 place has been silting into dam land and accumulated retard mud 2.1 million tons. Since 1990s, in order to give full play to the operation safety and overall benefit of warping dams, which has formed the construction concept of dam is "in tributaries as skeletons, small watershed as a unit, matching key dam, small and middle warping dams to construction the dam system of gullies"[1]. Further assure the operation safety and the overall benefit of warping dams, which has been brought into full play. A watershed which is in order to limitation of control the flood and sediment to realize the long-term goals of soil and water conservation. Through the field survey and measurement, selected the dam system layout scheme , determinded the engineering construction scheme of the dam system of the river basin, dam system altogether layout 5 key dam (including 3 seats new dams , 2 seats old dam which is need reinforcement ) ,15 seats small and middle warping dams ,and the project under construction will last for 3 years. Basis to the specification requirement, we need evaluation analysis the planning scheme for engineering benefit. Dam system’s engineering benefits include foundation benefit, economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit. Basis to the specification requirement, engineering planning after the project implementation produced by the foundation and economic benefit emphatically analyzes, ecological and social benefits are briefly analyzed[2].

O-nitrotoluene is condensed with N, N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetals in the presence of piperidine and DMF to yield trans-β-dimethylamino-2-nitrostyrene which undergoes hydrolysis in the 18% HCl aqueous solution to obtain o-nitrophenylacetaldehyde with yield of 83% and purity of 98.1% respectively.