In this paper, the microstructure of the water strider’s legs was observed, the lengths, diameters of the water strider’s legs were measured by the instruments such as scanning electron microscope . The supporting force model of water strider’s legs was established, the factors associated with the supporting force were analyzed. The critical conditions in which water strider’s legs do not pierce the water surface were discussed. the maximum supporting force of water strider’s single hind leg was calculated according to the supporting force model of water strider’s legs, the calculated value is 3399.13×10-6N, which is about 17 times of its body weight.

Experiment prepared polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 722nm, the template of polystyrene microspheres obtained through the self-assembly. The copper atoms fill the voids of the template by electrochemical deposition, after removing template, copper surface obtain regular arrangement of spherical cave structure. Copper surface with spherical cave modified fluorosilane by chemical method, The contact angle of the surface is 156.3 ° through contact angle measuring. Superhydrophobicity of prepared copper surface is because of two important factors, one is regular microstructure of spherical cave, the other is modification of fluoroalkylsilane.

This paper studied wettability of sunflower leaves, contact angle of sunflower leaves were measured through the contact angle measuring instrument, which was 43.6°. Microstructure of sunflower leaves were observed by scanning electron microscopy, It found that sunflower leaves is micro and nanostructures covered some needle-like spikes, this feature has an important influence on its hydrophilicity. Through Matlab software hydrophilic mechanism of sunflower leaves was carried out the simulation study, roughness factor γ and area ratio plays an important role to its wettability, which can increase hydrophilicity of the solid surface.

In this paper, the leaves of 5 kinds of hydrophobic plants including lotus, canna, green poplar, grape and pumpkin were selected, whose contact angles were 150.6º, 135.5 º, 110.4 º, 101.3 º and 94.8 º respectively by contact angle instrument measuring. These plant leaves were adhered to rectangular box by double-sided adhesive tape, as experimental model.The maximum supporting force of these models on water surface were measured by analytical balance, and the supporting force increases as contact angle, the dimple pressed by the model on water surface can increase its supporting force. Through mechanical analysis, the mathematical model of the supporting force was established, the relationship between depth of dimple and contact angle was analyzed by the mathematical model.

This paper studied wettability of three typical petals such as nasturtium, canna and rose. Contact angle of several typical petals were measured by the contact angle measuring instrumen, which were 154.6°,151.5°and 153.4°respectively. Microstructure of the nasturtium petals, canna petals and rose petals were observed through scanning electron microscopy, It found that 3 typical petals are composite structure of micronscale and nanoscale, although their forms is different, they all have superhydrophobic function. This paper analyzed the reasons for the superhydrophobicity for different microstructures of three typical petals.