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Purpose This paper aims to explore the switching intention and behaviour of cloud storage services (CSS) individual users in China by integrating the variables of switching cost and habit into the expectation disconfirmation theory. Design/methodology/approach Based on 419 valid responses, structural equation modelling was used to examine the research model. Findings The results indicated that perceived usefulness and expectation disconfirmation have a positive and negative effect on user satisfaction, respectively. While expectation disconfirmation has a negative impact on perceived usefulness, user satisfaction positively affects users’ habit and switching cost. At the same time, switching intention is affected significantly and negatively by perceived usefulness, user satisfaction, as well as switching cost, where in switching intention and habit can commendably predict switching behaviour. The results can guide for CSS providers on how to successfully retain users in the competitive CSS market. Originality/value Previous researches have investigated the effects of perceived usefulness, switching cost and user traits on CSS adoption and continuance intention, as well as behaviour; they neglected the antecedents of switching cost and the effect of user habit on them. Additionally, relatively few studies have been devoted to an empirical examination of the switching behaviour from a particular CSS product to its rival products at the individual user level. This research tries to fill these gaps.

Understanding anthropogenic influences on soil respiration (R s) is critical for accurate predictions of soil carbon fluxes, but it is not known how R s responds to grazing exclusion (GE). Here, we conducted a manipulative experiment in a meadow grassland on the Tibetan Plateau to investigate the effects of GE on R s. The exclusion of livestock significantly increased soil moisture and above‐ground biomass, but it decreased soil temperature, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and R s. Regression analysis indicated that the effects of GE on R s were mainly due to changes in soil temperature, soil moisture, and MBC. Compared with the grazed blocks, GE significantly decreased soil carbon release by 23.6% over the growing season and 21.4% annually, but it increased the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of R s by 6.5% and 14.2% for the growing season and annually respectively. Therefore, GE may reduce the release of soil carbon from the Tibetan Plateau, but under future climate warming scenarios, the increases in Q10 induced by GE could lead to increased carbon emissions.