This work that is one of the first of its kind in Unburned Savannah in Lamto, center of Ivory Coast, intends to characterize the vegetation in terms of dynamic evolution and plant structure, 53 years after its protection from fires. Surfaces plot, linear surveys and itinerant methods were used to collect floristic data. The diversity and the wealth of flora, as well as the structure of the different types of vegetation has been analyzed. 176 plant species belonged to genera 143 kinds and 49 families were indentified. The most important families are the Leguminosae (14.77 %), Rubiaceae (13.63 %) and Apocynaceae (10.79 %). About 15.37 % (27 species) of this flora represents the particular statute species. Among the inventoried species, 11 are exploitable species or exploited as timber of which ten are forest species. Due to richnes of its flore and flora dynamic, the Unburned Savannah must be protected. Based on an ascending hierarchical classification performed by using 11 linear surveys, this study has demonstrated the existence of a floristic variability to three groups.
L’étude a été réalisée dans trois îlots de forêts naturelles caractérisées par trois différents modes de gestion dans les zones sèches de Côte d’Ivoire. Son objectif est d’évaluer la composition et la diversité floristique de ces reliques forestières afin de promouvoir le meilleur mode de gestion pour la conservation de ces forêts. L’échantillonnage de la végétation a été conduit dans les îlots forestiers de Lataha, de Dolékaha et de Korhogo. La collecte des données a été réalisée à l’aide de la méthode de relevé de surface complétée par des inventaires itinérants. Tous les individus de diamètre à hauteur de poitrine (dbh) ≥ 5 cm ont été mesurés dans des placettes carrées de 25 m de côté. Les résultats révèlent une plus forte richesse spécifique sur le site de Lataha (19,25 ± 4,55) et de Korhogo (17,72 ± 3,28). Les valeurs des indices de Shannon indiquent que la forêt de Korhogo est la plus diversifiée (2,47±0,28). Pour l’indice d’équitabilité de Piélou, la valeur la plus importante est similaire pour les sites de Korhogo et de Dolékaha (0,84± 0,05). Le site de Korhogo regorge encore la plus forte présence des espèces à valeur de conservation. La forêt de Korhogo qui bénéficie d’une cogestion comporte la meilleure composition et diversité floristique. De ce fait, des aménagements forestiers doivent de plus en plus associer les populations riveraines pour une gestion participative. Nos résultats peuvent être utiles pour élaborer des stratégies de conservation efficace des reliques forestières de toutes les zones phytogéographiques du pays et même ailleurs dans le monde.Mots clés: Forêts naturelles, zone sèche, modes de gestion, efficacité de conservation, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire. English Title: Management and effectiveness of conservation of natural forest relics in dry tropical zone: case of the Department of Korhogo (North, Côte d’Ivoire)This study was conducted in three types of natural forest distinguished by three different management methods in dry areas of Côte d'Ivoire. Its aims at assessing the floristic and diversity composition of these forest relics in order to promote the best mode of management for the conservation of these forests. Botanical sampling was conducted in the forest relics of Lataha, Dolékaha and Korhogo. Data collection was performed using surface survey method followed by the itinerant inventories. All individuals at a breast height diameter (dbh) ≥ 5 cm were measured in 25 m square plots. The results reveal a higher species richness at the Lataha (19.25 ± 4.55) and Korhogo (17.72 ± 3.28) site. Shannon index values indicate that the Korhogo forest is the most diversified (2.47 ± 0.28). For Piélou's index, the highest value is similar for the Korhogo and Dolékaha sites (0.84 ± 0.05). The Korhogo site still has the highest presence of species with conservation value. This study showed that the Korhogo forest, which benefits from co-management, has the best floristic and diversity composition. As a result, natural forest developments must increasingly involve local populations for participative management. Our results can be useful in developing strategies for the effective conservation of forest relics in all phytogeographic zones of Côte d’Ivoire and globally.Keywords: Natural forests, dry zone, management methods, effectiveness of conservation, Korhogo, Côted’Ivoire.
matière première à l'échelle industrielle par un plateau technique fixe ou mobile.
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