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The evolution of modern human reproductive scheduling is an aspect of our life history that remains vastly uncomprehended. The present work aims to address this gap by validating a non-destructive cutting-edge methodology to infer adult life-history events on modern teeth with known life history and then applying it to fossil specimens. We use phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray microtomography to visualize the dental cementum of 21 specimens: nine contemporary humans; 10 Neanderthals from Krapina (Croatia, 130–120 kyr); one Neolithic Homo sapiens from Ajmana (Serbia); and one Mesolithic H. sapiens from Vlasac (Serbia). We were able to correctly detect and time (root mean square error = 2.1 years; R 2 = 0.98) all reproductive (menarche, parturition, menopause) and other physiologically impactful events in the modern sample. Nonetheless, we could not distinguish between the causes of the events detected. For the fossil specimens, we estimated age at death and age at occurrence of biologically significant events. Finally, we performed an exploratory analysis regarding possible sexual dimorphism in dental cementum microstructure, which allowed us to correctly infer the sex of the Neolithic specimen, for which the true value was known via DNA analysis.

Contacts between Italian and English thought of late years have been both frequent and effective.

Existing capitularies, though they report a few important parti from the fourteenth-century, seem to concentrate primarily on texts from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The main exception to this later orientation is the capitulary for the Signori di Notte. See N. MOCENIGO, CAPITOLARE DEI SIGNORI DI No'i-rI' ESIS-TANTE NEL CIVICO MusEo DI VENEZIA (1877). The early entries of judicial capitularies were edited. See LE MAG. Is'rRA'rURE GIUDICIARIE VENEZIANE E I LORO CAPITO-LARE FINO AL 1300, in MONUMENTI SrORICI DALLA R. DEPUTAZIONE VENETA DI STORIA PxrRIA (M. Roberti ed. 1907-11) (3 volumes). 5 Tiepolo's law code was published. See Gli statuti teneziani di Jacopo Tiepolo del 1232 e e loro glosse, in 30 MEMORIA DEL REALE IsTrruTro VENETrO Dl SCIENZE. LE I'ERE ED ART (R. Cessi ed. 1938). The Promissione, however, is not included. It was published, though, in the eighteenth century. See Liber Promissione Malefici [ca. 12321 in LEGGi CRIMINALI DEL SERENISSIMO DOMINIO VENErO IN UN SOLO VOLUME RACCOL'rE E PER PUB-BLICO DECRETO RISTAMPATE (1751). 6 The full text reads: "Gum ex rigore iustitie excessus emendare et punire malefitia merito invicte nobis sollicitudinis teneamus. Ad hoc efficiendum tanto studiosius intendere volumus quanto de vitiorun correctione tota patria laudabiliterpraedicitur."

No abstract