This study emphasises how cold weather is responsible for most part of the temperature-related CVD death burden. Our results may have important implications for the development of policies to reduce CVD mortality from extreme temperatures.

Figure S1. The Relative risk of temperature and COPD across lag0-21 days in 31 Chinese provincial cities during 2008-2013. The association between mean temperature and YLL is U or J shaped. The left Y-axis represents the relative risk(RR), the right Yaxis represents the YLL, the X-axis represents mean temperature. The curve represents the association between mean temperature and YLL, the histogram represents the distribution of YLL according to mean temperature

No abstract

Few studies have examined the association between ambient temperature and years of life lost (YLL). We aim to explore the burden of cardiovascular disease attributed to non-optimum temperature in China. YLL provides a complementary measure for examining the burden of disease due to ambient temperature. Non-optimal temperature leads to the increase of YLL. The mortality of fourteen cities in China during 2008–2013 was included in this study. We used the Distributed Lag Non-linear Model (DLNM) to estimate the association between daily mean temperature and YLL, controlling for long term trends, day of the week, seasonality and relative humidity. The daily YLL varied from 807 in Changchun to 2751 in Chengdu, with males higher than females. Extreme high and low temperatures were associated with higher YLL. The attributable fraction (AF) to cold effect is from 2.67 (95%CI: −1.63, 6.70) to 8.55 (95%CI: 5.05, 11.90), while the AF to heat effect is from 0.16 (95%CI: 0.06, 0.26) to 2.29 (95%CI: 1.29, 3.19). Cold effect was significantly higher than heat effect on cardiovascular disease in both men and women and for different age groups.

No abstract