A leptospirose acomete todos os animais domésticos, selvagens e os seres humanos. Alguns estudos sorológicos realizados têm demonstrado o envolvimento de espécies selvagens na epidemiologia da doença. Uma vez que populações cativas de animais selvagens são pouco estudadas, principalmente no Brasil, o presente estudo teve como objetivo a detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. em animais selvagens de cativeiro e de vida livre do Zoológico Municipal de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Durante o período de março a outubro de 2006 foram colhidas 403 amostras de sangue das quais 388 animais (110 répteis, 143 aves, 110 mamíferos e 25 peixes) e 15 amostras de funcionários do zoológico Dentre as 388 amostras de animais, 339 eram animais cativos e 49 eram animais de vida livre capturados pelo uso de armadilhas. Os soros sanguíneos foram analisados por meio da prova de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM) utilizando-se antígenos de 22 sorovares de leptospiras patogênicas e dois sorovares de leptospiras não patogênicas. Foram reagentes para leptospirose 103 (103/388 = 26,5%) amostras, sendo 92 (92/339 = 27,1%) amostras de animais cativos e 11 (11/49 = 22,4%) de animais de vida livre. As 15 amostras de soro humanas foram negativas. Os títulos sorológicos nas amostras reagentes variaram de 40 a 5.120 com predominância dos títulos 40 e 80 e os sorovares Patoc, Andamana, Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae e Panama foram os mais frequentes.
The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of rabies antibodies in free-ranging capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella nigritus) in a fragmented, environmentally protected, rural area of southeastern Brazil. Thirty-six free-ranging monkeys were tested by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test for detection of antibodies against rabies virus. Four individuals (11.11 %) had neutralizing antibody titers ≥ 0.25 IU/mL, demonstrating rabies virus exposure.
On 25 January 2014, a 1 mo old female Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis calf weighing 12 kg was rescued by air transport in Guajará, Brazil, and transferred to Mamirauá Institute's Community-based Amazonian Manatee Rehabilitation Center. The calf presented piercing/ cutting lesions on the back, neck, and head, in addition to dehydration and intermittent involuntary buoyancy. X-ray analysis revealed a large amount of gases in the gastrointestinal tract. Daily procedures included wound cleaning and dressing, clinical and laboratory monitoring, treatment for intestinal tympanism, and artificial feeding. Adaptation to the nursing formula included 2 kinds of whole milk. Up to 20 d post-rescue the calf presented appetite, was active, and gained weight progressively. Past this period the calf started losing weight and presented constant involuntary buoyancy and died after 41 d in rehabilitation. The major findings at necropsy were pneumatosis intestinalis in cecum and colon, pulmonary edema, and hepatomegaly. The microscopic examination revealed pyogranulomatous and necrohemohrragic colitis with multinucleated giant cells, acute multifocal lymphadenitis with lymphoid depletion in cortical and paramedullary re gions of mesenteric lymph nodes, and diffuse severe acinar atrophy of the pancreas. Anaerobic cultures of fragments of cecum and colon revealed colonies genotyped as Clostridium perfringens type A. We speculate that compromised immunity, thermoregulatory failure, and intolerance to artificial diet may have been contributing factors to the infection, leading to enterotoxemia and death.
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