Resumoom a entrada em vigor da norma brasileira de desempenho das edificações habitacionais, a NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013), alguns setores da indústria têm buscado avaliar, certificar e melhorar seus sistemas, de modo a atender aos requisitos praticados pela norma e garantir sua empregabilidade. Entre estes está o de vedação vertical composta de blocos cerâmicos. Dada a variabilidade da matéria-prima desses blocos, faz-se necessária uma análise mais detalhada de seu desempenho como sistema construtivo. Quanto aos requisitos de desempenho definidos pela norma para esses sistemas está o de resistência ao fogo. No entanto, no Brasil não há normas regulamentadoras para o projeto de paredes de alvenaria em situação de incêndio, sendo necessária a realização de ensaios para avaliar esse requisito. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a resistência ao fogo de duas paredes, com espessuras de 14 cm e 19 cm, acompanhando os critérios de estabilidade, estanqueidade e isolamento térmico pelo período de 240 min. Os sistemas foram numericamente avaliados pelo método da Brick Industry Asssociation (BIA). Como resultados, na análise experimental os sistemas atenderam aos critérios de estabilidade e estanqueidade durante o período de ensaio, mas reprovaram no critério de isolamento térmico aos 60 min e 90 min para as paredes com espessura de 14 cm e 19 cm respectivamente. Quanto à análise teórica, constatou-se um tempo de resistência ao fogo (TRF) até 30% menor do que o obtido experimentalmente, o que enaltece o conservadorismo desse método. Palavras

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Among that materials whose behavior facing fire has not yet been understood thoroughly lie paints used as finish of interior and exterior walls of buildings. This study aimed to analyses the reaction to fire of enamel paints exposed to elevated temperatures, so two paints were tested: one water-based and one oil-based, both applied over a white undercoat designed specifically for this purpose, simulating the real conditions of application. The paints were evaluated regarding their ignitability per ISO 11925-2:2010 and isolated combustion, by EN 13823:2010. Moreover, the enamels were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry to assess variations of mass during the temperature increase process. Lastly, a calorific value test was performed with the intent of comparing the values with those from the EN 13823:2010 test. It was noted that the paints evaluated, no matter their chemical composition, do not bolster the development of flames as they reduced smoke release by up to 6.7% and heat release by up to 60.4%, not hindering user safety in room under fire situation. Even more, the paints turned out to be protectors of the substrate

Fires in crowded gathering places such as nightclubs generate imminent risks to people’s lives, as supported by historical facts. Building evacuation is defined as fundamental to prevent the occurrence of a tragedy. In the Kiss nightclub fire, many people could not reach the exit because of the controlling rails positioned in front of exit doors, as pointed-out by firefighters and survivors. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of these barriers in the escaping of Kiss nightclub, using computerassisted simulation. Four simulations were run, considering two types of capacity, each one with and without the rails. As preliminary analyses, the simulations presented a reduction of nearly 50% of the total time for the nightclub evacuation without the rails, confirming the barriers as a factor that considerably increased evacuation time of the nightclub occupants.

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