Aim: To investigate the prevalence of the early unitary loss of deciduous and the need for space maintainer in the posterior region, of the band-loop type. Methods: The clinical examination of 568 children between 6 and 12 years of age in mixed dentition was performed in two municipal schools. After the diagnosis of premature loss of one or two deciduous molars (unilateral, one or both arches, respectively), without successors initiating the eruptive process in the oral cavity, the child was referred to the Clinical School of Dentistry of UESPI (CSD ) for installation of the band-handle space maintainer. Results: The prevalence of early molar loss was 4.04%, the etiological factor of which was dental caries for all sample. Only 13 attended the CEO for detailed examination. After radiographic examination, it was verified that 8 did not need space maintainers because they were approximately 2/3 of the permanent successors root formation. In 5 children was placed the maintainer of space, band-handle, who are being supervised every 3 months until the eruption of the permanent successors. Conclusion: The prevalence of early premolar molar loss was 4.04% with no statistical difference between genders. The use of space maintainers after the early loss of a deciduous tooth is a preventive measure of malocclusion, being the band-loop appliance an excellent choice after loss of the deciduous unilateral molar.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of anterior crossbite and to verify the effectiveness of the orthodontic appliance Inclined Plane in the correction of this malocclusion. Methods: The clinical examination was performed 702 children in the deciduous or mixed dentition of 7 schools and in those found the anterior crossbite was performed treatment with fixed Inclined Plane. Results: The prevalence of the anterior crossbite was 2.14%, characterizing 15 of the 702 children evaluated, of which 60% were female and 40% male, all of which were dental crossbites. Only 12 accepted the treatment with an average duration of 4.4 weeks. Conclusion: The prevalence of anterior crossbite was 2.14%. The inclined plane proved to be a viable and effective therapy in the correction of anterior crossbite. It is one of the options of the orthodontic treatment in patients in the deciduous or mixed dentition, propitiating greater possibility of dentoskeletal development, since the malocclusion is corrected. However this method needs to be correctly indicated and its execution technique rigorously followed.