O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o nível de contaminação da água de equipos odontológicos e torneiras por: bactérias heterotróficas, Coliformes e Pseudomonas spp. A amostragem e os parâmetros microbiológicos foram definidos conforme a Portaria nº 2914/2011 do Ministério da Saúde. Para pesquisa dos microorganismos foi utilizado o método por membrana filtrante, de acordo com APHA. Das sete amostras analisadas, encontrou a presença de bactérias heterotróficas em quatro, tendo incontáveis heterotróficas na seringa tríplice, caneta e mangueira do equipo. Observou que houve contaminação por coliformes termotolerantes, na água de todos os objetos avaliados: torneira, seringa tríplice, caneta e mangueira de equipo. Na seringa tríplice, por sua vez, foi visto que 71,4% das amostras estavam contaminadas no meio EC e 57,1% apresentaram crescimento de coliformes no meio EMB. Analisando as bactérias do grupo dos coliformes, percebe-se que todos os equipamentos avaliados, em algum momento, possuíam contaminação de origem fecal, em destaque para a seringa tríplice, a qual só a amostra uma amostra de água não se mostrou contaminada. A pesquisa mostrou a necessidade de um maior rigor no controle de qualidade da água dos consultórios para que a população não fique a mercê de infecções por essa falta de assepsia.
The Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU), a mobile pre-hospital component, aims to comfort the patient in urgent or emergency situations. In December 2019, researchers isolated a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19. In 2020, attention was focused on the development of stages of scientific studies with vaccine candidates against the virus. In January 2021, the emergency use of the vaccine was authorized in the country. Research indicates an encouraging immunizing potential, especially in the prevention of serious clinical conditions. The objective of the research was to establish the influence of vaccination against COVID-19 on the profile of pre-hospital SAMU care in cities in the Northeast. This is a cross-sectional observational analytical study. Samples from secondary data from SAMU daily occurrence reports in the years 2020 and 2021 were analyzed. Of the 819,635 calls analyzed, about half were registered in 2021 and the calls related to COVID-19 added up to 12.5% of the total number of victims met. For the years studied, the Maceió service recorded a reduction in the number of incoming calls, unlike Recife; both services had a reduction in the number of medical orientations. It is concluded that the pandemic changed the profile of services provided by SAMU and that vaccination, in Maceió, reduced the number of monthly calls, the number of calls and the number of calls with respiratory complaints. In this way, immunization appears as a pillar for the prevention of serious clinical conditions and less need for emergency services.
SARS-CoV-2 is the leading agent of the current pandemic and is the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Thus, hospital procedures are considered factors of high risk of contamination, with a high possibility of causing viral spread, in addition to nosocomial contamination. This article was developed with the objective of presenting a review of the current protocols that aim to guide on the approach of patients with COVID-19, as well as the recommendations recommended in relation to aerosol-generating medical procedures. To this end, a study of narrative literature review was carried out. In order to prevent infections, as current recommendations recommend the mandatory use of masks, aprons, gloves and eye protection. Regarding orotraqueal intubation and mechanical ventilation, you should choose the most experienced doctor on the team and prefer “fast sequence intubation”. In the case of a tracheostomy, it must be performed following all the steps defined in the protocols. In relation to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, there must be five health professionals with functions very well applied and reviewed, according to the practices of maintenance, ventilation, medication administration and completion of resuscitation. Within the intensive care unit, it is necessary to assess the expandability of the location, such as the increase in the multidisciplinary team. During a pandemic, it is imperative that a risk-benefit assessment is carried out before indicating surgery. Therefore, it is evident that changes in world protocols are important for minimizing aerosols, offering greater safety to all involved, whether they are professionals or patients.
O novo coronavírus, descoberto em dezembro de 2019, é o agente causador da pneumonia grave que gerou uma pandemia global. O reconhecimento dos fatores de risco e proteção são essenciais para direcionar o seguimento de novos tratamentos e estratégias de prevenção de infecções. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da asma frente a pandemia pelo novo coronavírus, no que tange à fisiopatologia dos quadros patológicos, aos fatores de risco, às formas terapêuticas, às comorbidades associadas e aos atuais protocolos que estão sendo utilizados em tal cenário. O estudo baseia-se em uma pesquisa descritiva de revisão integrativa da literatura. Limitou-se, para estabelecer a relação da asma e COVID-19, artigos publicados nos anos de 2019 e 2020, nas bibliotecas virtuais PubMed e BVS. Asma é uma doença respiratória crônica caracterizada pela inflamação das vias aéreas, hiper-responsividade, produção exacerbada de muco e remodelação. O gatilho mais frequente da patologia é a infecção das vias aéreas, especialmente de origem viral. O sistema imunológico inato do paciente asmático é incapaz de impedir a disseminação desses vírus para as vias respiratórias inferiores. Atualmente, o Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças e a Organização Mundial de Saúde sugerem que pacientes com asma moderada e grave podem estar em maior risco para os casos graves de infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2, entretanto, na literatura, não há achados que corroboram. Sendo assim, vê que o estudo e novas associações devem ser continuados, a fim de melhor compreender a relação entre a asma e a COVID-19.
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