Four spatial instabilities arising in kinesin/microtubule active gels are determined by two factors: depletion and cross-linker activity.

Modelling the Intermediation Margin of Banks. The intermediation margin of banks, i. e. their net lending income, has rarely been subjected to econometric analysis. This article proposes a model based on a asset-liability approach in the tradition of monopolistic banking theory. In practice, our work seeks to achieve two objectives. The first is to analyse the sensitivity of the intermediation margin of commercial banks to sudden changes in business volume and interest rates. The second is to project the trend of this margin. The consistency of results and the prediction capacity of this model make it an operational tool for the authorities as well as the banks themselves.

Active gels made of cytoskeletal proteins are valuable materials with attractive nonequilibrium properties such as spatial self-organization and self-propulsion. At least four typical routes to spatial patterning have been reported to date in different types of cytoskeletal active gels: bending and buckling instabilities in extensile systems, and global and local contraction instabilities in contractile gels. Here we report the observation of these four instabilities in a single type of active gel and we show that they are controlled by two parameters: the concentrations of ATP and depletion agent. We demonstrate that as the ATP concentration decreases, the concentration of passive motors increases until the gel undergoes a gelation transition. At this point, buckling is

La marge d’intermédiation bancaire, c’est-à-dire le résultat des banques sur leur activité de prêt, a rarement fait l’objet de travaux économétriques. Cet article en propose une modélisation reposant sur une approche actif-passif et s’inscrivant en outre dans la filiation théorique de la banque monopolistique. En pratique, notre travail affiche deux objectifs : d’une part, analyser la sensibilité de la marge d’intermédiation des banques commerciales à des chocs d’activité et de taux d’intérêt; d’autre part, prévoir son évolution. La cohérence des résultats et la capacité prédictive de cette maquette lui confèrent un caractère opérationnel à la fois pour les pouvoirs publics et pour les banques elles-mêmes.