We analyzed the distribution of 371 genera of Asteraceae native to Mexico (of which 18.1% are endemic to the country) based on iterative methods of analysis of critical faunas and floras and on estimates of endemicity scores. Our aim was to find the minimum number of sites needed to protect these genera. The states with the richest generic flora are located in southeastern (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz) and western ( Jalisco, Michoacán) Mexico. Eleven states have genera endemic to their territory. Almost half (46.6%) of all genera occur in five or fewer states; this percentage rises to 72.2% for the endemic genera. Eighteen states emerged as the most important for implementation of conservation efforts, among which Baja California, Chiapas, and Coahuila are prominent; the total protection of the Asteraceae flora in these three states would protect 81.9% of all genera and 38.8% of genera endemic to Mexico. State occurrence frequencies for both groups revealed that conservation efforts in only one state could protect most of the genera. Conservation efforts would be needed in at least 18 states to protect all genera and in 11 states to protect endemic genera. Our results allowed the definition of patterns of geographical distribution for Asteraceae genera in the country and the identification of those Mexican states that should be given a high priority in conservation efforts for these particular plant elements. If conservation strategies for this rich generic flora are devised now, future strategies for the conservation of representative areas of the Mexican flora will be more efficient and better organized. Estrategias para la Conservación de Asteraceae en México Con base en dos métodos iterativos (análisis de faunas y floras críticas y otro en el que se determina un índice de endemicidad), se analiza la distribución de 371 géneros nativos de Asteraceae (18.1% de éstos son endémicos) en los 32 estados de México, con el propósito de determinar el número mínimo de sitios necesarios para la protección de todos estos géneros. Los estados con mayor riqueza de géneros de Asteraceae se localizaron en el sureste (Chiapas, Oaxaca y Veracruz) y oeste ( Jalisco y Michoacán) de México. Once estados poseen géneros restringidos a sus límites políticos. La mayoría de los géneros se encuentran en menos de cinco estados, aunque este patrón es más pronunciado para los endémicos (72.2%) que para el total de taxa (46.6%). Los metodos de análisis utilizados eligen 18 estados como especialmente importantes para encaminar esfuerzos de conservación, destacando Baja California, Chiapas y Coahuila, las cuales permiten proteger 81.9% del total de géneros y 38.8% de los géneros endémicos. La frecuencia de presencias por estado, tanto para el total de los géneros como para los endémicos, permite notar que la mayoría de los taxa se pudieran proteger en un solo estado, alcanzándose un máximo de 11 estados para los géneros endémicos y hasta 18 para el total de los géneros. Los resultados permiten definir los patrones de distribución de los géneros de Asteraceae de México y determinar los estados prioritarios para la planeación de áreas potenciales para su conservación, lo que representa información de gran trascendencia para la toma de decisiones futuras en la búsqueda de la preservación de áreas representativas de la flora mexicana.
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