The transformation of kerogen to hydrocarbons in the early stages of oil generation is critical for understanding the resource potential of liquid-rich. Additionally, numerous previous experimental and theoretical studies on Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits have shown a close genetic relationship with the hydrocarbon accumulation for their common coexistence with the oil/gas reservoirs in the world. However, the actual mineralization process of Pb-Zn deposits associated with hydrocarbon fluids lacks sufficient theoretical studies. Here, we focus on the MVT Pb-Zn mineralization, primarily on the influence of mineralization temperature and the type of brines, using geochemical simulation experiments to verify the relationship between the hydrocarbon fluids and Pb-Zn ore deposits. To restore the actual metallogenic environment to the maximum extent possible, we found that with increased temperature (80-180oC), the number of mineralization showed an increasing trend, and no ore deposits have been found under 80oC. Furthermore, the expected mineralization process could occur under the brine mixture solution, NaCl+CaCl2, and hardly under the single solution. Therefore, under the geochemical simulation experiments, temperature, brine type, and so on play an essential role in the mineralization process under the participation of hydrocarbon fluid, which could provide the theoretical explanations of their coupling relationship.

The Mayuan Zn-Pb deposit on the northern margin of the Sichuan Basin is rich in Zn-Pb deposit resources. Additionally, a large amount of bitumen is observed in outcrops, and these deposits represent a key template for exploring the migration of hydrocarbon fluids and metal elements within an ancient oil reservoir. In this study, a chemical experimental method was used to extract the adsorbed hydrocarbon from the chosen five groups of samples, and mathematical statistical methods were also used. The varied metal concentrations before and after the extraction experiments have been noticed, due to the direct carrying action of the adsorbed hydrocarbon. In addition, a strong correlation was observed between the Mayuan Zn-Pb deposit and their source rocks, as well as the same distribution trend from the rare earth element distribution curve. A moderate correlation was observed between the two groups of black shales and Mayuan Zn-Pb ores, and the rare earth partition curve showed consistent trends. The results show that organic matter exists in two forms, among which hydrocarbon organic matter is extracted due to the carrying effect of extraction experiment, and the remaining non-hydrocarbon organic matter is combined with metal elements to form a metal complex. Hydrocarbons are involved in mineralization, asphaltenes are derived from bitumen, and one of the potential sources of Pb/Zn in the Mississippi Valley type (MVT) Zn-Pb deposit is black shale rich in organic matter.