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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition defined by excessive fat accumulation in the liver in the form of triglycerides involving more than 5% of hepatocytes. The present study was carried out with an aim to evaluate the association of demographic features, liver enzymes, serum lipid profile and APOC3 gene variants (C-482T and T-455C). A case-control study was designed with 150 patients with NAFLD, and 180 healthy controls. The mutations were analyzed using PCR-RFLP approach, Case-control studies assessing the relationship between APOC3 rs2854116 C/C and rs 2854117 C/T gene polymorphism with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Statistically significant increased frequencies of CC+CT genotype [OR, 2.00; 95 percent C. I (1.18-3.40); P.0006] [OR, 2.00; 9.5 percent C.I (1.38-2.91); P value < 0.0002] and the C allele is seen in NAFLD patients compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, we found that the APOC3 gene and elevated triglyceride levels in -455C/C SNP is significantly associated with the risk of NAFLD, whereas the Apoc3-482C/T showed no association.

Among various nanoparticles (NPs), gold nanoparticles (GNPs) gained valuable attention in the field of medicine because of some unique properties like small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio, inert nature, stability, high dispersity, non-cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. These NPs are evolving as promising agents especially in drug carriers, cancer therapy, and constantly being exploring as photothermal agents, contrast agents, and radiosensitisers. Besides, GNPs interact with thiols that provides an effective and selective means of controlled intracellular release. At the present, cancer patients are increasing rapidly at national and international levels. In this chapter, efforts have taken to highlight the importance of GNPs, their critical mediation in drug delivery, as sensors for probing and imaging tumors and anti-angiogenesis. More importantly, this short piece of analysis highlights the photothermal effect of GNPs in therapy and as radiosensitizers. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of GNP's in cancer management are also discussed.

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