Through globalization, countries aim to have a competitive advantage about trading and increasing financial opportunities in the global market with international collaboration and economic integration. In recent years, the emerging and expanding national economies like Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa have became key players and taken investors' attention globally. In addition to these countries known as BRICS, Turkey is also another expanding national economy that attracts investors with strong economic growth in the last 20 years. Therefore, recently the idea of becoming one of the members of BRICS for Turkey has been considered. Nowadays, the index research studies which show the global competitiveness, rankings and detailed data profiles of the international markets are published by different authorities. One of the highly trusted authorities, World Economic Forum publishes Global Competitiveness Index every year. Index (2017Index ( -2018. In the process of analyzing the data, multidimensional scale has been used. According to the data of Global Competitiveness Index (2017)(2018), the similarities are more likely to be found between Russia and Turkey while India and China also project similar features together. The most different features have been observed between Brazil and China. The similarities are based on detailed data company profiles of global competitiveness. In conclusion, the result shows that Russia and Turkey are seen as one group while China and India generate also another group together. On the other hand, Brazil and South Africa stand alone in their own groups. The purpose of this study is to indicate similarities and differences among these 6 countries (BRICS-T) and also define comparison to each other based on the data from Global Competitiveness

PurposeAltruism has an important place in shaping a healthy and developed society for the present and the future. Altruism refers to exhibiting good behavior that does not expect a reward in return. The fact that female entrepreneurs have busy working and private lives and try to be individuals who add value to life while striving for success in this intense tempo increases the investigation of altruism. This study aims to examine the differences in altruistic behaviors of female entrepreneurs according to demographic variables.Design/methodology/approachThe research sample consists of 120 female entrepreneurs belonging to the Turkish community in Kosovo. T-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were applied to examine the difference between altruism and demographic characteristics.FindingsThis study determined that age and work experience influence altruism. Female entrepreneurs in the age group of 31+ had higher altruism scores than female entrepreneurs in the 21–24 and 25–30 age group. Additionally, it has been revealed that female entrepreneurs with 10 or more years of work experience have higher altruism scores than female entrepreneurs with under 1 year and 1–3 years of work experience. Findings also demonstrated that marital status, education level and income do not influence female entrepreneurs’ altruistic behaviors.Research limitations/implicationsResults obtained from the research are limited to the responses given by the participants to the survey used within the scope of the research.Originality/valueAs Turkish women are small community living in the country, it was interesting to see that apart from their entrepreneurial spirit do they also have altruistic behavior and how this behavior differs among different demographic characteristics. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research will contribute to the literature as no similar study was done before.

No abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, adalarda turizm kavramını inceleyerek Liu vd. (2017) tarafından geliştirilen destinasyon çekiciliği ölçeği ile Tsaur vd. (2016) tarafından geliştirilen destinasyon marka kimliği ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanmasıdır. Araştırmada ölçeklerin yapı geçerliği ve güvenirliği incelenmiştir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ile ölçeklerin yapı geçerlikleri incelenmiştir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) sonucunda destinasyon çekiciliği ölçeği için toplam varyansın %62,968'ini açıklayan 3 faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Destinasyon marka kimliği ölçeği için toplam varyansın %62,038'ini açıklayan 6 faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Ardından doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) çalışması yapılarak, ölçeklerin model uyum indeksleri ve güvenirliği hesaplanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) sonuçlarına göre destinasyon çekiciliği ölçeğinin model uyum indekslerinin (X2=279,615; X2/df =1,877; RMSEA=0,074; GFI=0,854; CFI=0,929; SRMR=0,0609) geçerli düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur. Destinasyon marka kimliği ölçeği DFA analizinde model uyum indekslerinin (X2=547,486; X2/df =1,935; RMSEA=0,077; GFI=0,856; CFI=0,912; SRMR=0,0588) kabul edilebilir uyum sınırları dahilinde yer aldığı bulunmuştur. Güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda destinasyon çekiciliği ölçeğinin hesaplanan (α) değerinin 0,872; destinasyon marka kimliği ölçeğinin (α) değerinin 0,810 olduğu ve ölçeklerin güvenilir olduğu bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda iki ölçeğinde uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu ve tüm faktörlerin birbiriyle olumlu ve anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.