ABSTRACT:In this study, the change in shear strength on radial and tangential surfaces of Calabrian Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) wood having different roughness values as the result of sawing with a circular ripsaw, planing and sanding, and bonded with polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesives at the pressure levels of 3, 6, and 9 kgf/ cm 2 , was studied. Each of the 360 specimens prepared to determine the effect of the variables on bond performance were subjected to shear test in an universal test machine in accordance with the ASTM D 905-98 standards. The values obtained were analyzed statistically and the results were interpreted. The highest shear strength (11.83 N/mm 2 ) for plane of cut was obtained on the tangential surface after sanding and applying PVAc adhesive with a pressing pressure of 9 kgf/cm 2 . The lowest shear strength (6.01 N/mm 2 ) was obtained in the joinings made on the planed surfaces by using PU adhesive and a pressing pressure of 3 kgf/cm 2 .The highest shear strength (9.10 N/mm 2 ) on the radial surface was obtained after sanding and applying PVAc adhesive and pressing with a pressure of 6 kgf/cm 2 . The lowest shear strength (3.76 N/mm 2 ) was obtained in the specimens whose surfaces were sanded and glued with PU adhesive with a pressing pressure of 3 kgf/cm 2 . In general, in the radial surfaces, just like in the tangential surfaces, the specimens bonded with PVAc exhibited a higher shear strength compared with those glued with PU. According to these results, it is definitely necessary to sand the surfaces prior to the bonding process to have a higher shear strength. The bonding process should be made on the tangential surfaces with higher pressures. The PVAc adhesive should be preferred instead of the PU adhesive.
ABSTRACT:In this study, the change in shear strength on radial and tangential surfaces of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) wood having different roughness values as the result of sawing with a circular ripsaw, planning, and sanding, and bonded with polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesives at the pressure levels of 3, 6, and 9 kg f/cm 2 were studied. A total of 360 specimens of each, prepared with the objective of being able to determine the effect of the variables on bond performance, were subjected to the shear test in the universal test machine in accordance with the ASTM D 905-98 standard. The values obtained were analyzed statistically and the results were interpreted. The highest shear strength (11.83 N/mm 2 ) for plane of cut was obtained on the tangential surface after sanding and applying PVAc adhesive with a pressing pressure of 9 kg f/cm 2 . The lowest shear strength (6.01 N/mm 2 ) was obtained in the joinings made on the planed surfaces by using PU adhesive and a pressing pressure of 3 kg f/cm 2 . The highest shear strength (9.10 N/mm 2 ) on the radial surface was obtained after sanding and applying PVAc adhesive and pressing with a pressure of 6 kg f/cm 2 . The lowest shear strength (3.76 N/mm 2 ) was obtained in the specimens whose surfaces were sanded and by using PU adhesive and with a pressing pressure of 3 kg f/cm 2 . In general, in the radial surfaces, just like in the tangential surfaces, the specimens bonded with PVAc produced a higher shear strength compared to those glued with PU. According to these results, it is definitely necessary to sand the surfaces prior to the bonding process to have a higher shear strength. The bonding process should be made on the tangential surfaces with higher pressures. The PVAc adhesive should be preferred instead of the PU adhesive.
ÖZET Zihinsel, sosyal, duygusal ve fiziksel anlamda gelişimin önemli olduğu çocukluk döneminin sağlıklı bir aile ortamında geçirilmesi, çocukların topluma uyumlu bireyler olarak yetişmesi anlamında önemli bir süreçtir. Bununla birlikte, 0-6 yaş grubu çocukların fiziksel gelişimlerinin ve toplumsal davranışlarının şekillenmesinde; sürekli etkileşim içinde bulundukları, zamanlarının büyük kısmını geçirdikleri mekânlar arasında yer alan konut mekânları büyük öneme sahiptir. 1 Çalışma, birinci yazarca tamamlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi kapsamında elde edilen bilgi ve sonuçları içeren orijinal araştırma makalesidir; daha önce başka bir yayın organında yayınlanmamıştır veya yayınlanmak üzere başka bir yayın organına gönderilmemiştir. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet Cilt 30, Sayı 1, Ocak 2019 122 Bu kapsamda gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, korunmaya ihtiyacı olan çocuklara sağlanan bakım yöntemlerinden biri olan çocuk evleri örneği ile çocukların yaşam alanları, ev kazaları üzerinden incelenmiştir. Amaç, kurum bakımı altındaki çocukların yaşam alanlarını bu özelde gözlemlemek ve çocuklara daha uygun mekânlar yaratmak için öneriler geliştirmektir. Çalışma nitel bir zemine sahip olmakla birlikte, araştırma kapsamında karma araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı (çalışmanın yürütüldüğü esnada kurum adının Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı olması sebebiyle, makale içerisinde eski ad ile anılmıştır)'na bağlı Ankara ili Çocuk Evleri'nden 0-6 yaş grubu çocukların bulunduğu evlerde, çocukların bakımından sorumlu bakım elemanları ile yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş olup, çocukların yaşam alanlarında geçirdikleri ev kazaları ile ilgili sorular sorulmuş; bu mekânlar ve mobilyalarla ilgili gözlemlerde bulunulmuştur. Görüşmeler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş; elde edilen veriler Haddon Matrisi yöntemi kullanılarak kaza anının evreleri ve fiziksel koşulları kapsamında kategorilere ayrılmıştır. Bulgu ve gözlemlerde, ev kazaları anlamında mobilyadonatı dışı sebepli olaylara da değinildiği görülmekle birlikte veriler araştırma kapsamı çerçevesinde incelendiğinde, çocuk evlerinde kullanılan mobilya ve donatıların her zaman yaş gruplarına göre düzenlenmediği ve bu nedenle kimi olumsuzluklara yol açabildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, gözlemler sonucu tespit edilen eksiklikler ve araştırma sonucu elde edilen bulgular göz önünde bulundurularak okul öncesi yaş grubuna uygun yatma alanı tasarım önerisi getirilmiştir.Anahtar Sözcükler: ev kazaları, kurum bakımı, iç mekân tasarımı, çocuk evleri ABSTRACT Childhood is a period in which mental, social, emotional and physical development is important. Childhood spent in a healthy family environment is an important process in terms of raising children as socially compatible individuals. Besides, houses are of great importance in shaping the physical development and social behaviours of children aged 0-6 as they are residential places where children interact in a constant manner and spend most of their time. Within this scope, in this stud...
The changeable characteristic of educational spaces, where teachers and students spend most of their time, according to students’ and teachers’ wishes, will create positive effects on both students’ development and educational activities. Within the study’s scope, interviews were done with academicians who are experts in this field to acquire information on topics like identifying what the spatial needs of classrooms in primary schools are/might be; determining how these needs should change in line with educational approaches. The sampling method in the study, which was planned as a qualitative study, was determined as the non-random purposeful sampling (judgement sample) and snowball sampling. Following the interviews, it was concluded that the physical setting of educational spaces plays an active role in students’ success and learning spaces should be designed in view of students’ needs and individual differences according to contemporary educational approaches where the student is active and at the center.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.