Background: Depression is a common comorbid condition with atopic dermatitis (AD), particularly during the active disease cycle. Controversial results regarding the contribution of biological sex, immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization, and cortisol on AD severity and comorbid depression justify further investigation. Objective and Methods: To explore the influence of sex and IgE sensitization on biochemical and psychological parameters, and severity of AD, a case-control study of 105 volunteers (56 AD, 49 healthy controls (HC); 50 males, 55 females) was conducted over 10 weeks, starting at dermatological symptom onset. Disease severity, serum IgE, cortisol and testosterone levels, and depression scores were assessed at study baseline and after 10 weeks of conventional treatment. Results: Dermatological severity differed among AD males by IgE sensitization and was elevated in males with extrinsic atopic dermatitis (EAD). Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were elevated in all patients at study baseline and improved with symptom reduction to HC levels, except female EAD. Severity of depression and dermatitis were correlated in EAD males at baseline and at week 10. Serum cortisol was elevated in male EAD at baseline, in contrast to males with intrinsic atopic dermatitis (IAD) at week 10. In addition, cortisol levels were found negatively correlated with SCORAD and HAMD scores in EAD males at week 10. Conclusion: Pathophysiological features of AD and depression are likely related to different inflammation-based effects and appear to be biological sex-dependent. Cortisol levels depend on biological sex and IgE sensitization in AD and increase in males with EAD at exacerbation and IAD males at resolution. Biological sex-related disease triggers, IgE sensitization, and cortisol levels are important for the understanding of the mechanisms underlying AD and comorbid depression.

Findings presented here suggest a strong influence of seasonality on depression outcome and BDNF expression in AD and PS and likely reflect separate patient populations which differentially respond to environment-based stressors.

The literature review summarizes the most recent and basic data on the state of the intestines and the features of the microbiome in psoriasis, as well as on the role of the immune system in this pathology. In patients with psoriasis, various microbial composition of the intestine was often identified, in particular, the main bacterial types of the genus Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Akkermansia.

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To study the epidemiological aspects of the trichophytia in Astana Materials: The analysis of reported cases of Trichophytia in Astana from 2007 to 2011. It should be noted that since 2007 (23 cases) to 2010 (267 cases) there was an increasing of more than 10 times, and in 2011 the number of patients has decreased to 151. Analysis of gender showed an absolute predominance among male patients, almost 2 times. For example, in 2007, men were infected trichophytia ‐ 15 and women 8. In 2010: men ‐ 172, women ‐ 95, in 2011 there were 100 male patients, 51 woman. The average age of the patients was ‐ 20 years. 10%(62) of the patients were married. It is should be noted prevalence of sexual infection in 39% (243), 14%(87) were infected when caring for pets and cattle. In 31% (193) the source of infection is not known. 6%(37) were infected through household items from patients trichophytia. Social status of the patients was as follows : 174 ( 28 %) ‐ the unemployed, 124 (20%) employees, about the same workers, and 15% (93)‐ pupils and students, reported cases of Trichophytia among the private entrepreneurs and military ‐ 2 (0.3 %) and 1 (0.16%), respectively. Thus, the current trend towards an increased incidence of Trichophytia preserved. This pathology is most often affects children and young adults . Among the modes of transmission, in recent years, often indicates a sexual way, which requires strengthening health education among young people.