Soil salinity has emerged as a global threat to sustainability of farming systems by deteriorating the quality and productivity of crops particularly in the coastal regions of the world. Although, as a C4 plant, maize (Zea mays L.) has ability to tolerate a medium level of salinity; but initial growth stages of maize are sensitive to salinity stress. Therefore, it is crucial to expand our understanding pertaining to maize response to salt stress and tolerance mechanisms for devising approaches to enhance maize adaptability in saline environments. Moreover, maize crop undergoes several physiological changes and adapts some mechanism to overcome the salinity stress. Different mitigation strategies like application of chemicals, plant growth-promoting hormones, and use of genetic and molecular techniques are used to manage salinity and may ensure crop productivity under changing climate. This chapter aimed to assess the recent advancement pertaining to salinity stress influence on the physio-biochemical processes in maize and to draw the relationship between yield components and salinity stress. In addition, current study also highlights research gaps by focusing the seed enhancement techniques, phytohormones exogenous application and genetic improvement of maize under soil salinity.

This study was carried out in Harran University of Turkey during 2017-2018 in November-May growing season in order to investigate the effect of sole and mixed Hungarian vetch and Barley grass silage properties. In the study, 100% Hungarian vetch (H), 100% barley (B), "75% H + 25% B", "50% H + 50% B", "25% H + 75% B" mixtures were used. When the physical properties of silages were examined, it is observed that the silage quality increased as the barley ratio in the mixture increased, where the highest quality was obtained at sole barley silage. In terms of chemical properties of silages; the lowest acid detergent insoluble fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent insoluble fiber (NDF) and the highest protein content values were obtained from the "75% H + 25% B" silage mixture. It was concluded that the most suitable silage mixture for high silage quality was "75% H + 25% B".

Öz Bu çalışma Diyarbakır ekolojik şartlarında bazı melez mısır çeşitlerinde verim ve bazı tarımsal karakterler ile tarımsal karakterler arasındaki ilişkileri saptamak amacıyla, Diyarbakır ili Ergani ilçesi gülerce köyünde 2004 yılı II. ürün yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede 12 farklı mısır çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada materyal olarak özel tohumculuk firmalarından temin edilen DK.585 (Dekalp), Progen 1595 (Özbuğday Tohum), Rx.770 (May), Trebia (May), Bora (May), Sele (May), Goldfrenk (Polen Tohumculuk), Folkner (Polen Tohumculuk), Goldeclat (Polen Tohumculuk), P.3394 (Pioneer), P.35P12 (Pioneer) ve P.33J56 (Pioneer) ticari melez mısır çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, tepe püskülü çiçeklenme süresi, bitki boyu, ilk koçan yüksekliği, bitki sap kalınlığı, koçan boyu, koçan çapı, koçanda tane sayısı, koçanda tanae ağılrığı, tane verimi parametreleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, tane verimleri 1137.67-1489.67 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. Dk-585, RX-770, BORA ve GOLDECLAT çeşitleri yüksek verim vermiştir.

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