I. Background Chitosan, which is a biocompatible and nontoxic material, is predominantly used as a polymer having the ability to nanoparticle formation. In this work, we immobilized olive leaf extract (OLE) with chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs), and elaborately characterized the OLE-CNPs. Also, the cytotoxic influence, the cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis stage of OLE and OLE-CNPs were analyzed on lung carcinoma (A549) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). II. Methods and Results OLE-CNPs were characterized by Zetasizer Nano-ZS and FT-IR Spectrometer. The cytotoxic effects of OLE-CNPs were performed by MTT assay, and cell cycle distribution and apoptotic effects of OLE-CNPs were carried out by using flow cytometer. The loading capacity and the size of OLE-loaded nanoparticles were found as 97.5% and about 100 nm, respectively, in the optimum conditions. In addition, OLE-CNPs were characterized by unique FTIR peaks and morphological display compared to the CNPs. In vitro cytotoxic assay indicated that IC50 values of OLE-CNPs were determined as 540 µg/mL for A549 and 810 µg/mL for MCF-7. The treatment of both A549 and MCF-7 with OLE-CNPs caused the highest cell arrest in G0/G1 in a dose-independent manner. OLE-CNPs affected cell cycle distribution different from free OLE treatment in both cancer cells. A549 and MCF-7 cells were predominantly found in the late apoptosis and necrosis phase, respectively, upon treatment of 1000 µM OLE-CNPs. III. Conclusions Our results suggest that CNPs enhance bioavailability OLE as nutraceuticals in cancer and OLE-CNPs might be offered as supplements for cancer therapy.

Extended AbstractElectrospinning has been recognized as an effective and inexpensive technique for fabrication of long fibers from various materials including polymers, composites and biomacromolecules with diameters ranging from a few nanometers to few micrometers [1]. The electrospun fibers form a unique structure which have a very large surface area-to-volume ratio and high porosity with very small pore size. Therefore, electrospun fibers could be a very promising material for many biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound dressing, artificial organ and medical prosthesis [2,3].Polymer-based drug delivery systems are used to improve the therapeutic properties of drugs in a safer, effective and reliable manner [4]. The variety of biodegradable polymers can be electrospinnable [5]. At present, researches on biodegradable nanofibers focus on development for delivering drugs and releasing them continuously over a period of time. Drug delivery with polymeric nanofibers with higher drug encapsulation efficiency and better stability than other drug formulations possess high surface-to-volume ratio which would accelerate the solubility of drug in the aqueous solution and enhance the efficiency of the drug [6,7].Gelatin is a natural biopolymer derived from animal collagen, having a long history of safe use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics as well as food products [8]. Because of its great biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, gelatin has a broad applications in biomedical fields, especially as a drug delivery carrier [9].In the current work electrospun fibers were developed as a new system for the delivery and release of an anticancer agent doxorubicin via electrospinning technique. The morphology of the fibers was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The fibers were made from gelatin as a biodegradable polymer and the release of doxorubicin was followed by UV-vis spectroscopy in phosphate buffer of pH 7.4 at 25 °C and 37 °C. The release profiles from gelatin electrospun fiber mats were compared with casting films with the same composition.

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