Objective-To estimate the training load of specific on court training regimens based on the magnitude of variation of heart rate-lactate response during specific training and to determine the magnitude of variation of biochemical parameters (urea, uric acid, and creatine phosphokinase (CPK)) 12 hours after the specific training programme so as to assess training stress. Methods-The study was conducted on six national male badminton players. Maximum oxygen consumption (Vo, ), ventilation (VE), heart rate, and respiratory quotient were measured by a protocol of graded treadmill exercise. Twelve training sessions and 35 singles matches were analysed. Heart rate and blood lactate were monitored during technical training routines and match play. Fasting blood samples collected on two occasions-that is, during off season and 12 hours after specific training-were analysed for serum urea, uric acid, and CPK.Results-Analysis of the on court training regimens showed lactate values of 8-10.5 mmol/l in different phases. The percentage of maximum heart rate ranged from 82% to 100%. Urea, uric acid, and CPK activity showed significant changes from (mean (SD) (BrJ7 Sports Med 1997;31:342-345)

Purpose: To find out the effect of training on selected physiological and biochemical variables of Indian soccer players of different age groups. Results: A significant increase (P<0.05) in lean body mass (LBM), VO 2max , anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea, uric acid and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and a significant decrease (P<0.05) in body fat, hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in some groups in PP and CP phases of the training when compare to BD. However, no significant change was found in body mass and maximal heart rate of the players after the training program. Methods Conclusion:This study would provide useful information for training and selection of soccer players of different age groups.

.04 Kph respectively. The result revealed a significant positive correlation was found between bowling speed and adductor strength (r =0.60), bowling speed and abduction (r=0.56), bowling speed and internal rotation (r=0.59), bowling speed and external rotation (r=0.59).A positive mild correlation bowling speed and flexion (r=0.48), bowling speed and extension(r=0.46). Conclusion: The result of study concludes that a significant, moderate correlation exists between shoulder strength and bowling speed, so the shoulder strength training protocol can be incorporated for increasing the speed of the bowler.

Purpose: Sugarcane juice (ScJ) is a natural drink popular in most tropical Asian regions. However, research on its effect in enhancing sports performance is limited. The present investigation was to study the effect of sugarcane juice on exercise metabolism and sport performance of athletes in comparison to a commercially available sports drinks. Methods:Fifteen male athletes (18-25 yrs) were asked to cycle until volitional exhaustion at 70% VO 2 max on three different trials viz. plain water (PW), sports drink (SpD) and ScJ. In each trial 3ml/kg/BW of 6 % of carbohydrate (CHO) fluid was given at every 20 min interval of exercise and a blood sample was taken to measure the hematological parameters. During recovery 200 ml of 9% CHO fluid was given and blood sample was drawn at 5, 10, 15 min of recovery.Results: Ingestion of sugarcane juice showed significant increase (P<0.05) in blood glucose levels during and after exercise compared to SpD and PW. However, no significant difference was found between PW, SpD and ScJ for total exercise time, heart rate, blood lactate and plasma volume. Conclusion:ScJ may be equally effective as SpD and PW during exercise in a comfortable environment (<30 0 C) and a more effective rehydration drink than SpD and PW in post exercise as it enhances muscle glycogen resynthesis.

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