A lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases has been observed in areas with hard water.However, numerous debates and controversies prevailed over time. Some scientists had been trying to correlate cardio-protective factor of hard water while others were working on the toxic factor of soft water with this geo-selective predisposition to cardiovascular events. Now the factor unanimously agreed upon can be concluded as Magnesium. The proofs in favour of Magnesium(Mg) come from studies reporting (i) sudden deaths in areas with Mg deficient drinking water, (ii) low myocardial Mg content in sudden death cases, (iii) cardiac arrhythmias & coronary artery vasospasms being precipitated by Mg deficiency and (iv) intravenous Mg reducing the risks of Arrhythmias & deaths immediately after Acute Myocardial Infarction.Magnesium is a structural component of cardiac muscle and is required by as many as 1300 enzymes for different biochemical reactions. It is an important co-factor for ATPase; hence, is needed in every cell. Mg modulates cellular events involved in inflammation and is important for proteolytic enzymes, which counteract inflammation.The modern processed food, softened drinking water and over reliance on ready to eat food thus avoiding fruits & green leafy vegetables is an important cause of Mg deficiency. The deficiency of Mg has been reported to cause increase in inflammatory cytokines, endothelial damage and dyslipidemia; all of which are the centre stage for the development of Atherosclerosis, the thickening & hardening of arterial walls. Magnesium, which seems to be the wonder ion can be used for supplementation & fortification. This can prove to be an efficient, effective, replicable and cost effective model for preventing many diseases particularly cardiovascular diseases through public health interventions.