Consequently, our study shows that university entrance examination creates anxiety on students and reduces self-esteem, especially in female students.

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Turkish government mandates compulsory service for public servants in Eastern Turkey. The compulsory public service cities are different from others in terms of their socioeconomic conditions as well as socio-cultural structures. As such, these cities offer limited opportunities and an unusual cultural environment for newcomers such as those on compulsory service which will likely impact job satisfaction and loneliness. In order to examine these relationships, we conducted a survey with three hundred sixteen civil servants in Bitlis. Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire and Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale are used to measure the job satisfaction and loneliness levels, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that income, occupational sector, and social environment, occupational satisfaction, and income advantages provided by Bitlis have remarkable effects on job satisfaction scores, while gender, relationship status, income, occupational sector, the presence of people already known before coming to Bitlis, social environment advantage, and participating in social activities have significant effects on loneliness scores. In addition, negative correlation between loneliness and job satisfaction scores shows that as the job satisfaction score increases, the loneliness score decreases.

Cyberbullying, a new form of the traditional bullying that has been transferred to the electronic environments (social media, online gaming environments, blogs, etc.), from the physical context to the virtual context, refers mainly to aggression that is deliberately carried out by adolescents. This study aims to measure the level of cyberbullying in Turkish high school students living in Eastern Turkey and identify the demographic and socio‐economic factors which lead to being bully and being cyberbullied. The study population consists of 470 students aged from 15–19 years. exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were implemented to identify the factor structure of the scale and it was observed that the Turkish version of the cyberbullying scale (CBS) is best represented by a one‐factor structure. The comparisons across demographic and socio‐economic variables were implemented using independent samples t test, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD. To summarize the key findings, the variables that significantly affect the students’ CBS scores are; gender, school type, number of siblings, ownership of a mobile phone, length of ownership of a mobile phone, private access to the Internet, family supervision, purpose of Internet usage, length of time spent on the Internet and type of application used to message with others.

Aim: To generate a combination of serum zinc (Zn) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in an attempt to provide better prediction of prostate biopsy outcomes with Zn/PSA ratios. Materials & methods: Diagnostic performances of PSA and Zn/PSA were investigated using receiver operating characteristic and the area under the curve analysis and McNemar test in 480 men. Decision curve analysis was also used to determine the net clinical benefits of the two parameters. Results: The receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve analysis established a similar diagnostic performance for both parameters. Although Zn/PSA had a higher diagnostic sensitivity, PSA was superior in terms of specificity and net clinical benefits. Conclusion: Zn/PSA has no substantial superiority in the prediction of prostate biopsy outcomes.