Abstract. Wiryono, Wanandi Y, Ilahi AK, Deselina, Senoaji G, Siswahyono. 2019. The local knowledge of the plant names and uses by Semende tribe people in Kaur District, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 754-761. Local botanical knowledge is essential for the survival of local communities, but there is a global trend of the loss of local botanical knowledge among young generation, which causes serious concern among ethnobotanists. The objectives of this study were: (i) to document the diversity of plant species locally utilized by the people of Semende tribe in Bengkulu, Indonesia, (ii) to know the correlation between botanical knowledge and age of those people, and (iii) to test whether their knowledge was affected by gender. Data were gathered through field observations and interviews with key informants and general respondents consisting of males and females, ranging from 16 to 60 years old. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using regression analysis and t-test. The results showed that 106 species of plants were utilized by the people of Semende tribe for 14 types of uses. The knowledge of plant species and uses was positively correlated with age, implying that the young generation lost local botanical knowledge. Men had better botanical knowledge than women. Interaction with plants was presumably the determining factor affecting botanical knowledge. Young people spent less time in gardens than the elders, and so did the women than the men. Conversely, young people spent more time enjoying electronic entertainment than the elders, and so did the women than the men. Deliberate efforts must be done to maintain botanical knowledge among young people.
AbstrakPemanasan global saat ini menjadi isu lingkungan utama dan keberadaan ekosistem mangrove ternyata mempunyai peranan yang cukup penting dalam mitigasi pemanasan global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui luasan dan status ekosistem mangrove, komposisi vegetasi penyusunnya, dan kandungan karbonnya di pesisir Kota Bengkulu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah telaah peta untuk mengetahui sebaran, luasan dan status ekosistem mangrove; dan survey lapangan untuk mengetahui komposisi penyusun ekosistem mangrove dan kandungan karbon tersimpannya. Survey lapangan dilakukan dengan membuat 57 plot pengamatan. Pada setiap plot diamati jenis dan dimensi vegetasi sesuai dengan tingkatan pertumbuhan. Kandungan karbon tersimpan ditentukan melalui perhitungan biomassa total pohon dengan mempertimbangkan nilai faktor ekspansi biomassa, fraksi karbon, dan massa jenis kayu. Hasil analisis peta menunjukkan bahwa luas sebaran ekosistem mangrove di pesisir Kota Bengkulu ± 214,62 ha. Status kawasan seluas 116,24 ha berada di dalam kawasan hutan Taman Wisata Alam Pantai Panjang-Pulau Bai; dan 98,38 ha berada di luar kawasan hutan. Vegetasi pohon dan pancang penyusun ekosistem mangrove yang ditemukan hanya 9 jenis, yakni Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnoriza, Xylocarpus granatum, Avicennia alba, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Lumnitzera littoreae, Ceriops tagal dan Acrostichum aureum. Kandungan karbon tersimpan pada tegakan ekosistem mangrovenya adalah sebesar 18,53 ton/ha.
Wiryono, Puteri VNU, Senoaji G. 2016. The diversity of plant species, the types of plant uses and the estimate of carbon stock in agroforestry system in Harapan Makmur Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 249-255. Homegardens are a traditional form of agroforestry commonly found in rural areas in Indonesia, where a variety of agricultural crops and forest trees are grown in a mixed system. To some extent, the traditional homegardens resemble natural forest in vegetation structure and composition. The objective of this study was to know the diversity of plant species, the types of plant uses and the estimate of carbon stock in homegardens in, Harapan Makmur Village, Central Bengkulu District, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. The field work was conducted in 2013. The data of uses were collected through interview, while data on vegetation were gathered from measurement. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that 101 species of plants were found in the homegardens, with a Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 0.99 for trees. The most dominant species of trees was Hevea brasiliensis Willd (rubber tree) with an importance value index of 127 %. For saplings and shrubs, rubber was also the most dominant with 169 individuals, while for herbs, Agrostis sp. was the most dominant species with an average coverage of 25.8 %. The community used plants for several purposes: 41 species for food, 21 for fire wood, 13 for ornamental plants, 11 for medicines, 7 for construction wood, 6 for shade trees, 2 for handy craft, 4 for hedge, 3 for forage, and 2 for coloring. Twenty three species were not used. The estimate of carbon stock in trees was 95.2 ton ha-1 .
ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitar hutan lindung di Bengkulu. Metode penelitiannya adalah metode survey dengan beberapa teknik PRA. Penelitian di lakukan di Desa Air Lanang, Bengkulu. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan pengamatan dan wawancara mendalam kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis dekriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Desa Air lanang memiliki luas 289,25 ha dengan jumlah penduduknya sebanyak 1.460 jiwa (285 KK). Sebagian besar penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani dengan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah. Rata-rata luas lahan garapannya adalah 2,5 hektar, dimana 1,6 hektar berada di dalam kawasan hutan lindung. Komoditas utamanya adalah kopi, dengan produksi sebesar 500 kg/ha/tahun. Jarak rata-rata dari desa ke kebun di hutan lindung adalah 2,6 km. Pendapatan masyarakat sangat tergantung kepada harga kopi yang fluktuasi harganya cukup tinggi. Jika harga kopi dibawah Rp. 6000, mereka termasuk kedalam katagori masyarakat yang berada di bawah garis kemiskinan. Saat ini pengelolaan kawasan hutan lindung oleh masyarakat menggunakan konsep hutan kemasyarakatan, yang ternyata belum bisa mengoptimalkan fungsi hutan lindung.Kata kunci : Sosial, ekonomi, masyarakat sekitar hutan, Hutan Lindung THE SOCIAL ECONOMIC CONDITION OF COMMUNITY LIVING AROUND THE BUKIT DAUN PROTECTED FOREST IN BENGKULUABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to identify of social economic condition of community living around forest in Bengkulu. The technique of Participatory Rural Appraisal survey was employed in the study. Data were collected by conducting participating observations and open in-depth interviews in the Desa Air Lanang, Bengkulu, Data and information were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The result of this research showed that population of Desa Air Lanang were 1.460 persons (285 families). The main livelihoods were farming with a low level of formal education. Their average land is 2.5 hectares, 1.6 hectares is located in the area of protected forest. Coffee is the main commodity, with production of 500 kg / ha / year. Average distance village to the garden in the protected forest is 2.6 km. Income people are depending on the price of coffee price. However, if price of coffe less Rp. 6000, they was under the poverty line. Currently, the management of forest protected areas by using the
Masyarakat Sunda Baduy adalah sebutan bagi masyarakat sunda yang hidupnya mengasingkan diri di sekitar Pegunungan Kendeng, Banten Selatan. Kehidupan mereka sangat tergantung kepada lingkungan alamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pengelolaan lahan oleh masyarakat Baduy di lahan budidaya dan di lahan perlindungan lingkungannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan menggunakan beberapa teknik PRA. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi-pengikutsertaan dan wawancara terbuka mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Masyarakat Baduy mampu mengelola lahan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah, berupa hak ulayat, dengan arif dan bijaksana. Mereka membagi tata guna lahannya menjadi kawasan hutan, kawasan budidaya, dan pemukiman. Kawasan hutan mutlak digunakan untuk perlindungan lingkungan sehingga tidak boleh dialihfungsikan untuk kepentingan lainnya. Setiap masyarakat Baduy wajib berladang sebagai bentuk penghormatan terhadap Sanghyang Dewi Sri yang menjadi salah satu kepercayaannya. Sistem pertanian masyarakat Baduy adalah pertanian padi lahan kering pola perladangan berpindah dengan masa bera 5-7 tahun. Tata cara perladangan dan perlindungan lingkungan diatur oleh norma adat yang harus ditaati oleh seluruh masyarakat Baduy. Kepatuhan masyarakat Baduy terhadap norma adat menjadikan sistem perladangan berpindah dan pelestarian hutan ini tetap berjalan sampai saat ini, sehingga mereka diakui sebagai kelompok masyarakat yang mampu mengelola lingkungan dengan kearifan lokalnya. Kata kunci : Masyarakat Baduy, perlestarian hutan, dan perladangan berpindah
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