Over 30 years, the design of ornaments on karawo textiles in Gorontalo-Indonesia is only done by one self-taught designer, without regeneration. This is allegedly because the design process is considered to be done intuitively, so that cannot be learned by others. This study aims to explore the process of designing the ornaments to be systematically understandable by others. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and review of design results. They were analyzed interactively during and after data collection. The results show that the process of creating the design is complex, but systematically done through five steps: 1) identifying the concept from users; 2) exploring the specific products for appropriate design; 3) selecting objects for appropriate motives; 4) articulating the design; 5) evaluating the overall design. These five steps are considered as method of designing ornaments on karawo textiles, which can be applied by anyone who has good interpretation to create such designs.

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The novelty of this research shows that addressing climate change in coastal areas not only strengthens public awareness of the dangers of sea level rise but also increases the integration of ecosystem services both in land and seascapes. Coastal areas at the global, national and local levels are experiencing severe degradation. The decline in the number of services provided by coastal ecosystems in Indonesia, such as mangroves, coral reefs, and seagrasses, is due to the intensification of anthropogenic processes. The impact is the increasing intensity of tsunami waves, tidal flooding, and subsidence. This study aimed to create an integrated model for managing biological and ecological restoration of the coastal ecosystem in the coastal area of Tamban in Malang District in the planning process and institutional aspects. The method used for spatial mapping of the Tamban coastal area was unmanned aircraft (UAV). Meanwhile, the Partial Least Square (PLS) was used to determine the public's perception of and response to climate change. To make the best decisions regarding the impacts of climate change, interpretative structural modeling (ISM) was used. The results showed that the local people should participate actively in the planning, monitoring and evaluation process to increase the benefit from coastal ecosystems both in landscape and seascape. The conclusion of this study shows that preventing the impact of climate change must include the community involvement and policy formulations to utilize and restore landscape and seascape ecosystem services.