The protective structures on the shore often used in the river regulation and channel rectification works are divided into solid structures and permeable structures. The solid structures will cause an intensive change of the local flow condition, and lead to adverse impact as scouring of local foundation and edges; the permeable structures which can dissipate the flow energy are gradually popularized for use. Common permeable structures include the tetrahedron-like penetrating frame used for engineering and vegetation on the shore, etc. This paper takes the tetrahedron-like penetrating frame and vegetation for example, summarizes research on the behavior of water flow and sediment affected by permeable structures, discusses the similarities and differences as well as different effects of the functions of the solid structures and permeable structures, and finally concludes the features of application of permeable structures.

Physical characteristics (including unit weight, dry unit weight and submarine rest angle) and motion characteristics (including settlement characteristics, incipient velocity and resistance characteristics) of bamboo powder model sediment were studied by test in this paper. Experimental study on physical characteristics showed that particle size variation had little effect on unit weight, dry unit weight increased with the particle size,submarine rest angle increased with the decrease in particle size and an empirical formula for calculating submarine rest angle of bamboo powder model sediment was proposed. Experimental study on motion characteristics found that the single particle settling velocity of bamboo powder model sediment increased with particle size, the relative settling velocity initially increased and then decreased with sediment concentration, the incipient velocity increased with the particle size and water depth, the roughness decreased with water depth and increased with the flow velocity and an empirical formula for calculating the incipient velocity of bamboo powder model sediment is proposed.

Starting from the 2-D hydrodynamic equation and according to the feature of sudden change of water depths of front and rear edge for submerged spur dike, put forward the Grid Interface Water Depth Method and research the mathematical model of 2-D water flow for submerged spur dike. A rectangular water tank is designed with length of 30m and width of 1.6m, on one side of which five submerged spur dikes are arranged with length of 0.40m, width of 0.05m, height of 0.06m, and spacing between spur dikes of 0.80m. Use the test data of water tank to verify the 2-D mathematical model of average depth surface. The results show that the mathematical model results basically coincide with the measured data, showing this kind of numerical computation method is feasible.