Objective: Learn about the status of laboratory testing relapse after neonatal jaundice phototherapy.Methods: Sample of phototherapy full-term neonatal children with high blood bilirubin 222 cases, divided into 2 groups, according to the treatment result Relapse Group After phototherapy (31 cases), and NO Relapse Group After phototherapy (191 cases).Observing key laboratory test index of two groups such as G6PD, blood, blood routine, liver meritorious service etc.Results: Before Phototherapy, the Hb of Relapse Group After Phototherapy (149.63±14.71)g/l is obviously lower than these (156.02±17.90) g/l of NO Relapse After Phototherapy Group, t=2.169, P=0.035.After Phototherapy, the incidence of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn of Relapse Group is (16.13%) significantly higher than those(4.71%) of NO Relapse Grou , t = 5.857, P = 0.016;And the difference between other indicators of the two groups of neonate has no statistical significance (P < 0.050).Those indicators are AFP, ALT, AST, TBIL, HCT, MCHC and G6PD. Conclusion:Relapse of full-term neonatal jaundice after phototherapy may be related to lower hemoglobin concentration and ABO hemolytic disease. In order to improve curative effect, these risk factors should be taken into consideration when making Follow-up plan after phototherapy.