BackgroundRabies is very common in People’s Republic of China. Henan province, in the central portion of China, is one of the most densely populated provinces in the entire country. With the new rabies epidemic trend noted in northern and western China, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of human rabies in this area and control the disease.MethodsWe chose patients in hospital isolation in 18 municipalities in Henan province as the investigation subjects. Data were collected through systematic reporting from these hospitals, whereas a questionnaire was applied to the relatives of patients.ResultsA total of 1022 rabies cases were reported. The incidence of human rabies in Henan has increased rapidly since 2005, having peaked in 2007, and maintained a high level in the remaining years. The cases were found mainly in rural areas in the south and east of the province. Rabies was often noted in summer and with the highest number in August. Most cases were noted in males and often in farmers. The patients aged between 40 and 60 years accounted for 36.8 % of all the cases. The wound treatment rate (12.2 %) and vaccination rate (2.6 %) of rabies cases after exposure were relatively low, while the rabies immunoglobulin utilization rate was only 2.8 %.ConclusionsRabies epidemic cases at the county level overall were increasing in Henan province during the period of 2005–2013; the epidemic has spread quickly. The data in this study imply that the disease could be better managed by more integrated surveillance across human health and veterinary sectors, improved education and better government policies.

In order to analyze the key factor to affect fatigue life of drill tools, fracture morphology and microstructure of defect samples made of 23CrNi3Mo with different types was observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM), and micro-hardness was tested, then failure reason was analyzed. The results show that the plastic deformation features of defect sample with high fatigue life is obvious during fatigue cracks generation and expanding, which has good ability to resist fatigue crack propagation, while impacter drill defect sample appears brittle fracture features. The surface of Atlas and impacter drill both have carburized layer with high hardness. The wide transitive layer of Atlas drill renders the strength of carburized layer and the roughness of matrix well matched and has well hardness gradient, while the impacter doesn’t. Thus the hardness gradient and the matching of strength and toughness affect the drill fatigue life heavily, and carburization and heat treatment process are very important.

Trigonometric leveling method is often used to connect the height over sea. Error analysis of trigonometric leveling is made. In order to automatically achieve the trigonometric leveling over long distance, an automatic trigonometric leveling system is put forward with the combination of GPS and the automatic target recognition (ATR) techniques in this paper. The primary design of the system prototype including the structure and the software is given. The practical principle tests are also made to prove the system performance. The results indicate that the leveling precision of the system can satisfy the requirement of fourth order leveling.

Defect in surface induction hardening layer at the eccentric axle neck of C38N2 automobile engine crankshaft was investigated. Fracture morphology and microstructure of the defect were analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and compared with the microstructure characteristics in defect-free locations. And the reasons and the technical procedures of the defects were discussed. The results indicated that the surface defect is a quenching crack caused by induction hardening process. The crack propagation is along prior-austenite grain boundaries and is affected by MnS inclusions. Martensite lath in surface hardening layer at position having 45° or 90° with mouldjoint is shorter than that at the defect position. Distribution characteristics of inclusions at different positions have significant difference. Inclusions in the defect position are slender spindle and are distributed nearly vertical the crankshaft surface. Distribution of the inclusions in the 45° position is approximately parallel to the crankshaft surface. And the inclusions in the 90° position are mostly graininess. Distributional difference of the inclusions at the different positions is related to uneven flowing of metal during stamp forging process.

Based on satellite dynamics, 1 year’s CHAMP geometric precise orbit data are used in this paper to fit the satellite orbits by Cowell II numerical integral and partitioned Bayesian least square parameter estimation. Time series of low degree geopotential coefficients and are respectively calculated, which reflects obviously seasonal variations of and . The results / month, /month indicate the geodynamical shape of the earth is getting rounder and rounder and at the same time its pear-shaped component adds gradually.