Magnetic
hyperthermia (MHT) utilizing heat generated by magnetic
nanoparticles under alternating magnetic field (AMF) is an effective
local tumor ablation method but can hardly treat metastatic tumors.
In this work, we discover that pure iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) with
high magnetic saturation intensity after being modified by biocompatible
polymers are stable in aqueous solution and could be employed as a
supereffective MHT agent to generate sufficient heating under a low-power
AFM. Effective MHT ablation of tumors is then achieved, using either
locally injected FeNPs or intravenously injected FeNPs with the help
of locally applied tumor-focused constant magnetic field to enhance
the tumor accumulation of those nanoparticles. We further demonstrate
that the combination of FeNP-based MHT with local injection of nanoadjuvant
and systemic injection of anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA4)
checkpoint blockade would result in systemic therapeutic responses
to inhibit tumor metastasis. A robust immune memory effect to prevent
tumor recurrence is also observed after the combined MHT-immunotherapy.
This work not only highlights that FeNPs with appropriate surface
modification could act as a supereffective MHT agent but also presents
the great promises of combining MHT with immunotherapy to achieve
long-lasting systemic therapeutic outcome after local treatment.
Currently, there is a huge demand to develop chemoimmunotherapy with reduced systemic toxicity and potent efficacy to combat late-stage cancers with spreading metastases. Here, we report several “cocktail” therapeutic formulations by mixing immunogenic cell death (ICD)–inducing chemotherapeutics and immune adjuvants together with alginate (ALG) for localized chemoimmunotherapy. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) antibody may be either included into this cocktail for local injection or used via conventional intravenous injection. After injection of such cocktail into a solid tumor, in-situ gelation of ALG would lead to local retention and sustained release of therapeutics to reduce systemic toxicity. The chemotherapy-induced ICD with the help of immune adjuvant would trigger tumor-specific immune responses, which are further amplified by ICB to elicit potent systemic antitumor immune responses in destructing local tumors, eliminating metastases and inhibiting cancer recurrence. Our strategy of combining clinically used agents for tumor-localized cocktail chemoimmunotherapy possesses great potential for clinical translation.
A multifunctional wearable tactile sensor assisted by deep learning algorithms is developed, which can realize the functions of gesture recognition and interaction. This tactile sensor is the fusion of a triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator to construct a hybrid self-powered sensor with a higher power density and sensibility. The power generation performance is characterized with an open-circuit voltage V OC of 200 V, a short-circuit current I SC of 8 μA, and a power density of 0.35 mW cm −2 under a matching load. It also has an excellent sensibility, including a response time of 5 ms, a signal-to-noise ratio of 22.5 dB, and a pressure resolution of 1% (1−10 kPa). The sensor is successfully integrated on a glove to collect the electrical signal output generated by the gesture. Using deep learning algorithms, the functions of gesture recognition and control can be realized in real time. The combination of tactile sensor and deep learning algorithms provides ideas and guidance for its applications in the field of artificial intelligence, such as human− computer interaction, signal monitoring, and smart sensing.
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