By hetero-structural alloying ferromagnetic (FM) TiNiSi-type orthorhombic HoCoSi with antiferromagnetic (AFM) Ni2In-type hexagonal HoCuSi, the magnetic and structural evolutions have been observed in HoCo1− xCu xSi (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) alloys. The magnetic property is changed from ferromagnetic for x ≤ 0.3 to antiferromagnetic for x = 0.4 in HoCo1− xCu xSi system. With the field change Δ μ 0 H = 5 T, the maximum magnetic entropy changes (−[Formula: see text]) are 10.1 J kg−1 K−1, 8.6 J kg−1 K−1, 7.6 J kg−1 K−1, 10.0 J kg−1 K−1 and 13.6 J kg−1 K−1 in HoCo1− xCu xSi ( x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) alloys, respectively. With the enhancement of substitution amount, the −[Formula: see text] is decreased for x ≤ 0.2, which is caused by magnetic moment dilution effects. But the −[Formula: see text] is increased for 0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.4, which is caused by the field-induced metamagnetic transition at the critical component.

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