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Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer death worldwide. Novel, recently discovered classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have diverse functional and regulatory activities and increasing evidence suggests crucial roles for deregulated ncRNAs in the onset and progression of cancer, including lung cancer. Exosomes are small extracellular membrane vesicles of endocytic origin that are released by many cells and are found in most body fluids. Tumor-derived exosomes mediate tumorigenesis by facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subclass of ncRNAs that are present in exosomes. miRNAs are taken up by neighboring or distant cells and modulate various functions of recipient cells. Here, we review exosome-derived ncRNAs with a focus on miRNAs and their role in lung cancer biology.

This work studies the effect of four drying methods, microwave-, oven-, freeze-and sun-drying on the parameters of antioxidant properties for Shiitake (Lentinus edodes): total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and DPPH scavenging activity. Freeze-drying Shiitake showed the highest activities in above three parameters. In addition, the optimum extraction condition (90℃, 40% ethanol and 1 h) of Shiitake was determined with orthogonal array design matrix using the total phenolic content as an indication. The results may be an economically interesting phytochemical source for the nutraceutical and functional food market.