Waste from agricultural products will be a problem if it is not used properly. Optimization of waste-biomass agriculture as ameliorant e.g biochar from young coconut waste for sustainable agriculture. The particle size of biochar will have a different effect when applied to the soil, then it is necessary to study the characteristics of biochar particle size from young coconut waste (YCW). The biochar particle size (A) 4.75 − 2.80 mm; (B) 2.80 − 2.00 mm; (C) 2.00 − 1.00mm; (D) 1.00 − 0.50 mm; (E) < 0.50 mm The treatment units were allocated based on a Completely Randomized Design with three replication. The results showed that the chemical characteristic of biochar particle size from YCW has a significant on electrical conductivity, liming potential, proximate analysis, CEC, cation base, C Inorganic, and C Organic. The best characteristics of biochar particle size from YCw is < 0.50 mm on pH (10.09 units), EC (1.11 dS m−1), liming potential (7.11 %), proximate analysis (34.5% moisture; 57.77% volatile matter); CEC (780.69 mmol kg−1), cation base (393.49 K; 430.31 Ca; 124.37 Mg and 173.42 mmol kg−1 Na); GInorganic (0.376 g kg−1), COraganic (17.93 g kg−1). With the best particle size of biochar YCw using 0.5 mm − 2 mm.

This study aims to evaluate local forage’s potential and nutritional content in the Payo agro-tourism area of Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia, to be used as a ruminant feed. This study used a survey method by taking a sample of the forage that grows a lot in the area and then analyzed its nutritional content. The nutritional content analyzed were dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus minerals. At the same time, the TDN value and the extracted material without nitrogen were calculated based on the formula. The results showed that 12 types of forage have the potential as ruminant feed, namely Panicum maximum, Tithonia diversifolia, Gliricidia sepium, Digitaria sp, Centrocema pubescens, Calliandra calothyrsus, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Bidens pilosa, Ipomea triloba, Micania Scandens, Asystasia gangetica, and corn straw. This study shows that Calliandra calothyrsus has the highest crude protein content, and Corn straw contains the lowest crude protein. The highest and lowest TDN values were Gliricidia sepium and Panicum maximum, respectively. Through the linear programming program, these 12 plants can be formulated into 4 ration formulations with 58% TDN and 15-16% crude protein.

Arabica coffee also known as mountain coffee is one of the plantation crops that has great potential to be developed on agribusiness scale in Solok Regency due to its suitability on agro-climate region for growth and also may provide great expectation of financial benefit for farmers as well as for economical aspect for the region. A study of soil physical properties under different age of arabica coffee was conducted from April to November 2020 in Lembah Gumanti, Pantai Cermin and Danau Kembar subdistricts, Solok Regency, West Sumatra. The aim of this study was to analyse some of soil organic matter, particle size distribution (soil texture), bulk density, total porosity, and aggregate stability index on different ages from five locations of arabica coffee plantation. Results showed that the soil physical properties of the arabica coffee of 1, 4, 8, and 13 years old, and secondary forest has been changed. The only the soil permeability of the 20-40 cm depth showed significantly different. These may be due to the difference in organic matter application and management in different age of arabica coffee plantation.

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