The pelagic macroalgae finches of the Sargassum genus in the Caribbean Sea currently represent a very natural problem due to their negative impact on the tourism industry, fishing industry, the environment and society in general. This work presents an above report of Sargassum that occurred on the north western coast of the Cuban archipelago in March 2019. The macroalgae species identified in the tidal zone were Sargassum fluitans and S. natans, and the specific geographic area where the impact of the upheaval occurred was from the west of Matan-zas bay to Mariel bay. The finches of these macroalgae were cataloged with a moderate magnitude compared to other reports in the Mexican Caribbean and in the Dominican Republic. This order of magnitude was cataloged based on its covered area of 169.3 km and its distribution along the coast in large patches, but very fragmented, despite the prevailing winds from the first quadrant (from north to east) during this period. Other events of this type reported in Cuba and the Caribbean region are taken up and discussed. Keywords: Caribbean Sea, Sargassum fluitans, Sargassum natans, Cuba.
Centro dc Investigaciones PesquerasSta. Ave. y 248, Santa Fé C. Habana Cuba lie~~ihdo en dicieullm de 1990; ocep:ado ett abril de 1991 RESUMENLa bahía de Cárdenas es considerada un importante puerto debido a múltiples actividades económicasque en ella se realizan; sin embargo, cada día, al incrementarse su desarrollo, el estado del ecosistema se degrada, particularmente en sus fondos. En el presente estudio se determinaron Cu. Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, Ni y hin en sedimento superficial para nume estaciones ubicadas en la bahía. Las concentraciones promedio fueron: Cu -34.7 ~g/g, Pb -28.5 ug/g, Zn -29.0 rg/g, Cr -172.8 ~g/g, Co -16.9 ug/g, Ni -35.0 ug/g y hin -235.1 pg/g. La técnica de análisis empleada fue la espectrofotometríade absorción atómica; además, mediante los métodos de teledetecciónse elaboró el mapa de distribución de los biotopos, delimitando con gran exactitud los diferentes tipos de fondos y brindando una informaciún cualitativamente nueva, a partir de la cual las diferentes entidades que estudian la zona puedan realizar valoraciones con miras a presemar el medio ambiente. Se realizo un estudio de caracterización de algunas fuentes contaminadoras que vierten dircctamentc a la bahía con tratamiento previo o sin él. Sc estima que sólo para el Cr se tiene una situación de ligera cvntammacion, mientras que para el resto dc los metales la bahía presenta valores normales. ABSTRACTCardenas Bay is considercd an important port due to the many economic activities carried out in it. However,cach day. as its dcvclopmcnt increases, the state of the ecosystem deteriorates. In the prcsent study. Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, Ni and hin were dctermined in surface sediment at nine stations locatcd in the bay. The average concentrations wcrc: Cu -34.7 ug/g, Pb -28.5 vg/g, Zn -29.0 pg/g. Cr -172.8 ~g/g, Co -16.9 ~g/g, Ni -35.0 pg/g and hin -2-lj.l ug/g. For the analysis, thc atomic absorption spcctrophotometry tcchniquc was used. Teledetcction methods were uscd to makc thc map of biotopc distribution, delimiting with great accuracy the different types of bottoms and giving new qualitative information, from which different industries that study the zonc can carry out cvaluations with a view to presetving the environment. A characterization study was carried out of some polluting sources that flow dircctly into the bay with or without treatmcnt.Only for Cr was a situation of slight contamination found; the other metals had normal values in thc bay. 167
Se realizó un seguimiento a la bioacumulación de naftaleno y de fluoranteno en el molusco bivalvo Anadara tuberculosa, mediante exposición de 60 organismos, a una concentración de 0,1mg/g del compuesto de ensayo, en pruebas individuales para cada sustancia, por un periodo de 30 días. La máxima concentración de naftaleno acumulada por los organismos alcanzó los 3,42mg/g, luego de 15 días de exposición, mientras que el fluoranteno presentó niveles de 194,77mg/g, tras 5 días de prueba. En los organismos expuestos a naftaleno, se registraron variaciones en la concentración acumulada a lo largo de la prueba, contrario al comportamiento registrado en los organismos expuestos a fluoranteno, compuesto que presentó un incremento en concentración, durante la mayor parte del ensayo. Las diferencias en la cantidad acumulada de cada compuesto, se relacionan con las características fisicoquímicas de cada uno de ellos, contando el naftaleno con una menor estabilidad y mayor movilidad en los compartimentos ambientales frente al fluoranteno.
This paper aims at contributing to the coastal environmental management by developing a new trophic status index of the water (TSIW). The index is tailored to semi-enclosed bays with estuarine characteristic like the Cienfuegos bay in Cuba. We also propose pressure indicators related to exporting and assimilation capacities as a tool to assess the vulnerability of the system to eutrophication. The TSIW is based on response indicators to eutrophication processes showing correspondence with the predefined pressure indicators and previous reports on water quality. Thus, the proposed trophic status index is a reliable scientific tool to measure the current stage of the water quality and to establish a baseline for further studies.
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