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Given the economic expansion in Brazil, there was an increase in the volume of cargo vehicle traffic on the highways, which may be associated with the early wear and tear of pavements. Aiming at monitoring, studies are being studied for the implementation of direct and automatic inspection through high-speed weighing-in-motion (WIM) systems, considering the guideline speed of the lane. WIM systems rely on sensor technology, cameras, scanners, among others, responsible for identifying vehicle loads and their distribution by axle during displacement, in addition to monitoring damage caused to the pavement. So that this automation did not depend on the construction of new highways, the objective was to implement the system on existing highways and verify its functionality, a decision taken mainly because of the cost of a paving work. The project for the installation of WIM sensors, a cooperation between the National Department of Transport Infrastructure and the Transport and Logistics Laboratory of the ''Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina'' , took place on a stretch of BR-101 South. Monitoring of the test lane was maintained for approximately 5 years, however, the highway presented premature defects and required constant restoration, which made it difficult to acquire data from the WIM system. Thus, the need for restructuring the track for accuracy in data acquisition was designed considering two constructive options. An alternative in continuously reinforced concrete and another in thick asphalt pavement with a 30/45 binder that were implemented in the WIM test area, keeping the rest of the road free of interventions. This way, existing highways can be optimized in certain areas to compose these systems and, with that, perform the function of supercharge inspection. The test track features two restructuring projects, one on a continuously reinforced concrete pavement and the other on an asphalt pavement using a conventional 30/45 binder.
A localização de equipamentos de fiscalização em rodovias é um problema de interesse para várias entidades responsáveis pela manutenção da infraestrutura viária e fiscalização das leis de trânsito. É possível que nesse tipo de situação os veículos busquem ativamente evadir à fiscalização, para manter o lucro associado ao trânsito ilegal ou para evitar as punições da lei. Caso esse efeito não seja considerado nas etapas de planejamento dos sistemas de fiscalização, os transportadores podem facilmente evitar a fiscalização através de aplicativos de planejamento de rotas. Este trabalho procura investigar como tal comportamento evasivo altera a forma com que os equipamentos de fiscalização devem ser localizados na malha rodoviária. Primeiramente, realiza-se uma revisão de como esse problema vem sendo resolvido na literatura, e após isso são realizados experimentos numéricos com um dos principais modelos matemáticos utilizados. Os resultados mostram que a consideração matemática do comportamento de evasão não aumenta de forma expressiva o número de equipamentos que devem ser instalados na malha, mas otimiza a sua localização para que sejam capturados todos os caminhos possíveis para cada par origem-destino (dentro de uma distância máxima de desvio em relação ao menor caminho). Caso o planejamento seja feito sem a consideração da evasão e os veículos apresentem essa tendência, a fiscalização pode ser inefetiva. Por outro lado, caso no planejamento seja considerada uma tendência à evasão maior que a real, todos os veículos serão monitorados com sucesso pelos pontos de monitoramento, sem haver aumento expressivo no custo de implantação.
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