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The objective of this article was to carry out a historical contextualization and a contemporary evaluation of cotton production in the state of Mato Grosso. In order to reach the proposed objective, bibliographic and documentary revision techniques were used. It was found that the state of Mato Grosso stands out as the main national producer of cotton in feather, which is an important raw material for the textile industry. However, when assessing the participation of Mato Grosso in the textile production at national level, it is irrelevant, accounting for only 0.64% of the number of industrial establishments in the country in 2017. Thus, it opens space for the discussion and proposition of new studies on the performance of the agroindustrial complex of Mato Grosso cotton, as for example, in the verification of which types of factors make difficult in the consolidation of the textile industry at the analyzed locality.

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The essay points out that the transformations caused by the uprisings of the "Arab Spring" imply the necessity of rethinking the history of the Euro-Mediterranean relations-since the Treaty of Rome (1957) until the Review of the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2015-and of reconsidering their future perspectives. In these relations the cultural legacy of colonialism is still very strong through the influence that the western powers have continued to exercise towards the postcolonial States both in Africa and the southern shore of Mediterranean. In particular the study outlines the colonial concerns that played central role in the establishment of the EEC in 1957 through the association agreements with the postcolonial States in the frame of the project called "Eurafrica". The overcoming of the colonial heritage ought to radically change the European protectionist policies and the conditionality clause towards the countries of the southern shore of Mediterranean in order to realise a condition of interdependence and a real partnership of equals in the common space of Mediterranean. In this perspective, a different migration policy which considers the migrant as a transnational actor able to contribute to the development of both his country of origin and of the receiving one is also necessary.