Background Oral leucoplakia is clinical term used to describe white plaques, and that is part of the group of oral potentially malignant disorders. Leucoplakia may show epithelial dysplasia, mainly in harder smoking patient. This case report discusses a small leucoplakia with dysplasia on the tongue’s lateral border in a woman, diagnosed early after a routine clinical consultation. Methods A 57-year-old female patient consulted to the Oral Diagnosis and Surgery Service of the State University of Ponta Grossa, Brazil. First, the patient was referred for the extraction of her lower incisors due to periodontal disease. During clinical examination, was identified a sessile white plaque, of small size, and located on the tongue’s left lateral border. Thus, the lesion’s diagnostic hypothesis was oral leucoplakia due to patient be chronic smoker for 40 years. The incisional biopsy was performed, with the epithelial tissue and part of the connective tissue removed. Results The histopathological examination revealed a stratified and keratinized pavement epithelium, with cellular atypia, and presence of hyperchromatism and nuclear pleomorphism. However, the alterations were restricted to the epithelium’s basal, characterizing a mild dysplasia. The proposed treatment was surgical removal of the lesion, and the patient was also instructed to quit smoking, as well as she continues to follow-up. Conclusions The presented case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and the orientation of risk factors to smoking patients, even in small lesions that can clinically appear harmless.
INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças cardiovasculares são as principais causas de morte no Brasil e no mundo. A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e o Diabetes Mellitus constituem um grave problema de saúde pública e são os principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento das doenças cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Buscou-se identificar o risco cardiovascular em baixo, médio ou alto, seguindo o Escore de Risco de Framingham (ERF). conforme o caderno de atenção primária do Ministério da Saúde. METODOLOGIA: Estudo documental, por amostra aleatória em 400 prontuários, de pessoas com hipertensão (HAS) e diabetes (DM) cadastradas e atendidas em uma unidade básica de saúde composta por duas equipes de saúde da família no município de Ponta Grossa-PR. No período de junho/2013 a agosto/2014. fizeram parte da amostra 200 pessoas com DM e HAS. Critério de inclusão foi considerado exame laboratorial atualizado, sexo masculino e feminino e idade maior ou igual a 20 anos. RESULTADOS: Dessa população 129 (64,5%) sendo sexo feminino e 71 (35,5%) sexo masculino. As alterações do LDL apresentaram percentual mais significativo de 63 (31,5%) quando comparadas com as alterações de HDL que foram de 52 (26%), 33 (16,5%) pessoas foram identificadas como tabagistas, dos pacientes classificados no alto risco que correspondeu 12 (25,5%) pacientes, 94 (47%), estavam com pressão alterada, 69 (34,5%) eram diabéticos, e 81 (40,5%), apresentavam glicemia de jejum alterada. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se a importância quanto à estratificação do risco cardiovascular e a necessidade do trabalho interprofissional com foco na educação em saúde.
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