ABSTRACT. Colonies of Pharocjstis sp. (Ilaptophyceae] isolated from the North Sea accumulated manganese during ~ncubati.on of 15 d in a culture med~um w~t h near-natural (0 45 ~rmol l ' 1:ln) conccntratlon When maximum cell density was reached, u p to 75'1L of the manganese originally prcsrnt in the medium was found in the colonies; the amount of manganese in the single cells remained at a constant level of about 7 '%B.

Three species of Arctic to cold-temperate amphi-Atlantic algae, all occurring also in the North Pacific, were tested for growth and/or survival at temperatures of -20 to 30 ~ When isolates from both western and eastern Atlantic shores were tested side-by-side, it was found that thermal ecotypes may occur in such Arctic algae. Chaetomorpha melagonium was the most eurythermal of the 3 species. Isolates of this alga were alike in temperature tolerance and growth rate but Icelandic plants were more sensitive to the lethal temperature of 25 ~ than were more southerly isolates from both east and west. With regard to Devaleraea ramentacea, one Canadian isolate grew extraordinarily well at -2 and 0 ~ and all tolerated temperatures 2-3 ~ higher than the lethal limit (18-20 ~ of isolates from Europe. Concerning Phycodrys rubens, both eastern and western isolates died at 20 ~ but European plants tolerated the lethal high temperature longerl were more sensitive to freezing, and attained more rapid growth at optimal temperatures. The intertidal species, C. melagonium and D. ramentacea, both survived freezing at -5 and -20~ at least for short time periods. C. melagonium was more susceptible than D. ramentacea to desiccation. Patterns of thermal tolerance may provide insight into the evolutionary history of seaweed species.