An apparatus for the study of the autoxidation of fats and related materials has been designed to permit the collection and analysis of the various volatile products formed in the reaction, the measurement of the oxygen consumption, and analysis of the oxidation residue.Oleic acid, oleyl alcohol, methyl oleate, butyl oleate, and cis-9-octadecene appear to he autoxidized in a similar manner to yield the same types of products-among others, peroxides, peracids, aldehydes, substituted ethylene oxides, acids, alcohols, combinations of these, and water.After the addition of oxygen to form peroxides at the ethylene linkage, these peroxides may cleave to give aldehydes; they may react with another double bond to give two moles of ethylene oxide;or they may aid in the further oxidation of the carbon chain. The aldehydes formed also autoxidize to give peracids and acids.

Compound 4-Methoxyisophthalyl chloride -(isophthalate)-Dimethyl-4-methoxy-(-) Dietbyl-4-methoxy-(-) Diethylaminoethyl-4-methoxy-(-) Di-rí-propylaminoethyl-4-methoxy-(-) borate Di-n-propylaminoethyl-4-methoxy-(-) D i-ro-butylaminoethyl-4-methoxy-(-) Diethylaminopropyl-4-methoxy-(-) hydrochloride Di-»-propylaminopropyl-4-methoxy-(-) hydrochloride Di-re-butylaminopropyl-4-methoxy-(-) Yield, M. p.. Analyses, % % "C. Formula Caled.

Summary The differences between animal fats and common vegetable oils as regards their protection by antioxidants are briefly reviewed; in general, the former can be stabilized by di‐ and poly‐phenolic inhibitors and by inhibitols, the latter by acid‐type inhibitors such as tartaric, phosphoric and other acids; these acids reinforce the action of the inhibitols which occur naturally in vegetable oils or which may be added to animal fats. A study has been made of the antioxygenic action of the polyphenols on both kinds of fats. The trihydric phenols, gallic acid and ethyl gallate are effective stabilizers in animal and vegetable fats and enhance the antioxygenic activity of inhibitols; they thus demonstrate the properties of both phenolic and acid inhibitors. The possible mechanism of this synergistic action is briefly discussed.

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