Maternal resilience and social inequality during the perinatal period: possible prevention and early intervention strategies Maternal mental wellbeing during the first 1,000 days (from conception until the first years of life) is of crucial importance for the development and health later in life. In part 1 of this article, the current state of knowledge on maternal wellbeing, social inequality and the underlying biological mechanisms was summarized. In this part, the concept of psychological resilience and the potential early intervention and prevention strategies are discussed.