The gear wheel manufacture is one of the key technologies for power train systems and in automotive industry. These complex high performance parts require stable processes and narrow tolerances in order to control the manufacturing costs. Experimental analyses show that the material flow in disk-like gear wheel blanks made of 20MnCr5 can vary significantly. This is of significance as a correlation between the dishing after case-hardening of the gear wheel blanks and the material flow was found. Besides experimental findings, finite element (FE) analyses of the influence of process parameters and perturbations on the distortion of forged gear wheel blanks have been carried out. A temperature gradient over the height of the workpiece is assumed to be largely responsible for the observed material flow variations and the related dishing of the forged gear wheel blanks.

Subsidenceof Ekofisk platforms was recognized late 1984. Several measurement programs were initiated to determine the subsidence bowl shape as well as the subsidence history at the seabed. The measurement programs are described, their apparent accuracies are shown and their contributions to specific knowledge of Ekofisk seabed subsidence is discussed.

Fatigue damage at side structures are widely reported for ships because the external wave pressure reaches maximum at still-water level. At the same time, the ship side structures also withstand noticeable hull girder loads (vertical and horizontal bending moments). Correct assessment of the fatigue damage due to global and local load effects is of vital importance for side structures of marine vessels. Little research, however, has been carried out for the side structures of semi-submersibles. Like ships, the semi-submersible side structures experience both global and local load effects. Especially for external pressure, the effect of intermittent wet and dry surfaces on the side shell near or above the waterline needs to be considered. In this paper, a global analysis model of the Gjøa semi-submersible, shown in Figure 1, is built and the local response for the side structure is investigated. The contribution of fatigue damage due to global and local load effects are compared and presented.