A small amount of antitryptic activity is detectable in the supernatant of deproteinized human serum. Preincubation of serum with trypsin causes an increase in acid-stable antitryptic activity. This rise in activity depends on the inter--trypsin inhibitor concentration. The native inhibitor present in normal sera, and in higher concentrations in sera of patients with nephropathies, and the trypsin-liberated inhibitor show immunological cross reaction with antibodies to the serum inter-a-trypsin inhibitor. The two inhibitors differ in molecular weight and electrophoretic mobility. The physiological inhibitor (1-34), with a molecular weight of 34000 and a high carbohydrate content, can be transformed by trypsin into an inhibitor (1-17) with a molecular weight of 17 000. This inhibitor is identical with the inhibitors liberated by trypsin from serum or from purified inter-a-trypsin inhibitor. The acid-stable inhibitor from urine is identical with the physiological serum inhibitor. Analogously, this inhibitor is transformed by trypsin into the inhibitor with a molecular weight of 17000. We conclude that the inter-a-trypsin inhibitor is the precursor of both the physiological and the trypsin-liberated inhibitor. By a mechanism as yet unknown, but most likely a limited proteolysis, the secreted inhibitor is liberated from the high molecular weight precursor. In contrast to the monospecific trypsin-inhibiting precursor, the physiological and artificially liberated inhibitors are trypsin/chymotrypsin/plasmin inhibitors.
Der Inter-oL-Trypsininhibitor als Vorstufe der säurestabilen Proteaseninhibitoren im menschlichen Serum und HarnZusammenfassung: Nach Enteiweißung von menschlichem Serum verbleibt im Überstand eine geringe antitryptische Aktivität. Diese Aktivität erhöht sich nach Inkubation des Serums mit Trypsin. Die Höhe der so freilegbaren Aktivität hängt von der Inter-a-Trypsininhibitor-
Zusammenfassung: Aus dem Acetonextrakt aus Samen der Erdnuß (Arachis hypogaea) wird durch Verteilungschromatographie ein einheitliches Lipid isoliert, das Pankreaslipase zu hemmen vermag. Der Hemmstoff ist ein Triglycerid oder ein Gemisch von Triglyceriden, in dem Myristin-, Palmitin-Öl-saure und Linolensäure nachweisbar sind. Die Enzymhemmung tritt sofort nach Mischen der Reaktionspartner ein. Das Lipid vermag das Enzym permanent zu hemmen, ein Nachlassen der Hemmwirkung bei längerer Inkubationszeit ist auch bei Lipaseüberschuß nicht zu beobachten. Die Hemmwirkung verschwindet nach alkalischer Hydrolyse. Hydrierung führt nicht zum Verlust der Inhibitoreigenschaft.
The isolation and characterisation of a lipase inhibitor from the lip ids of Arachis hypogaeaSummary: A lipid which inhibits pancreatic lipase, was isolated from an acetone extract of seeds of Arachis hypogaea and obtained in a homogeneous state by partition chromatography. The inhibitor is a triglyceride or a mixture of triglycerides, in which myristic, palmitic, oleic and linolic acids are detecNatürliche Enzyminhibitoren spielen bei biologischen Regulationsvorgängen eine wichtige Rolle. Die Wirkungsmechanismen bei der inhibierung hydrolytischer Enzyme durch spezifische natürliche Inhibitoren wurden besonders intensiv am Beispiel der Proteaseninhibitoren untersucht. Das wesentliche Ergebnis dieser Untersuchungen ist, daß Proteaseninhibitoren als Polypeptide Substrate für die entsprechenden Enzyme darstellen, die mit ihren sog. reaktiven Zentren mit den aktiven Zentren der Proteasen reagieren. Diese Reaktion
The humoral inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is to define as precursor of the acid stable trypsin-plasmin-inhibitor in the serum. The inhibitor is filtrated by the glomerulum and excreted in the urine. The serum level of the inhibitor is increased in nephropathy. Using a new assay for the intact precursor it was found that during inflammation the decreased precursor level indicates an increased turnover, though the glomerular filtration of the acid-stable inhibitor is within normal range. The increase of the precursor level during nephropathy indicates that the kidney is the main degradation organe for the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor. Nevertheless, an increase of the acid-stable inhibitor is to be seen. This fact is only to explain if it is assumed that the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is permanently degraded everywhere in the organism.
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