Ossifications in the caudal attachments of the ligamentum flavum were studied on 121 dried thoracic spines. Most of them were aged. Frequency increased in a caudal direction. At T12, frequency depended on the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints of T11-12 which determined the range of rotation. When they were of thoracic orientation, allowing large range of rotation, ossifications were present in 83% of cases. If orientation was lumbar, allowing poor range of rotation, ossifications became much less frequent:33%. The size of ossifications was also studied. The smaller were in T1 and T2. In T11 and T12, size also depended on the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints of T11-12. If it allowed important range of rotation, ossifications were large sized. In the opposite case, they were small sized. Ossifications of caudal attachments of ligamentum flavum appear to be a normal feature of the aged lower thoracic spine. Their frequency in a given motion segment seems to be influenced by rotational strains.
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