The reduction of nitric oxide with ammonia on an unsupported iron oxide catalyst has been studied in a continuous-flow recycle reactor using simulated flue gas. The responses of the employed reactor system to step and pulse inputs of tracer indicate that the system could be regarded as a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Preliminary tests were carried out to determine the effect of temperature and particle size on the measured reaction rates. Additional experiments were performed in order to study the influence of oxygen and water concentration on these rates. A gas chromatographic system has been developed to analyze the gas components NO, N,O, NO,, NH,, H,O, 0,, CO, and N,. In addition, the concentrations of NO and NO, were measured with a nondisperse infrared (NDUV/NDIR) analyzer.

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The present study was a snapshot of the status of quality management in the DACH region. As part of a survey of 229 executives and employees as well as independent consultants, the current state of quality management was investigated. Basically, it can be said that quality management is largely integrated into the companies, with a few exceptions. The majority of the companies use the standardized method of ISO EN 9001:2015, a considerable proportion use the EFQM method, which places great emphasis on the deductible and assessment. The big difference among the companies surveyed is the lived “spirit” of quality management. It is predominantly reported that the companies have a functioning quality management system; however, many report that there is great potential for improvement in the design and use. Here quality management is often seen as a necessary evil because the certificates are needed for the customers. Quality management is seen as a compulsory exercise and not as a facilitator for innovations and continuous improvement. Business excellence – in the freestyle – is a foreign word. The only remedy is a reflection on a desired reflection on future-oriented business excellence. In order to achieve this, both a reengineering of the business processes and a changed mindset and leadership of the executives and the employees involved must find their way into the company.

The reduction of nitric oxide with ammonia on iron oxide catalysts has been studied in a continuous‐flow recycle reactor using simulated flue gas in the temperature range from 573 to 673 K. NO and HN3 concentrations were varied between 0 and 1000 vpm, O2 and H2O concentrations between 0 and 9 vol.‐%, the remainder being nitrogen. In the presence of oxygen, the formulated reaction rate equation describes the measured rates of the main reaction NO + 2/3 NH3 ⇄ 5/6 N2 + H2O. Its form corresponds to the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood type. The rate equation well fits the data, which cover the whole industrial temperature and concentration range. In the absence of oxygen, the measured reaction rates can be best described by a power law.